AMD Instinct MI300X vs AMD Radeon RX 9070 XT Comparison

Head-to-Head Benchmarks

The recorded database contains a single shared benchmark between these two accelerators: Geekbench OpenCL. The AMD Instinct MI300X delivers a score of 317,994, while the AMD Radeon RX 9070 XT posts 17,428. This results in a delta of 1,724.6 percent in favor of the Instinct MI300X, the largest single-test margin in the comparison set.

Context from the nearest rivals clarifies the magnitude of this result. The Instinct MI300X sits at the 100th percentile among all GPUs in the database. It trails the NVIDIA B200 by 8 percent and the NVIDIA H200 NVL by 5 percent, while leading the NVIDIA L40S by 7.5 percent and the NVIDIA RTX 6000 Ada Generation by 10.7 percent. The RX 9070 XT, by contrast, lands at the 55th percentile, with its nearest rivals clustered within 1 percent: the AMD Radeon HD 7770M at 0.1 percent behind, the NVIDIA GeForce GTX 570 at 0.2 percent behind, the NVIDIA P106-090 at 0.5 percent behind, and the AMD Radeon Pro 555 at 1 percent behind.

The OpenCL test stresses raw compute throughput without display or rendering overhead. The Instinct MI300X produces 81.72 TFLOPS of FP32 and the same figure for FP16 at a 1:1 ratio. The RX 9070 XT produces 48.66 TFLOPS in both precisions. The compute gap is substantial, but the OpenCL delta (1,724.6 percent) far exceeds the FP32 ratio (roughly 1.68x). That discrepancy indicates the benchmark is sensitive to memory capacity, bandwidth, and the scale of the execution engine, not just peak FLOPs.

The RX 9070 XT has no shared benchmark where it wins against the Instinct MI300X. The head-to-head table records 1 win for the MI300X and 0 for the RX 9070 XT. Other RX 9070 XT benchmarks, such as 3DMark Steel Nomad DX12 at 7,260, Passmark G3D at 26,795, and Passmark GPU Compute at 15,864, have no corresponding MI300X result in the database, so no direct comparison is possible. The Instinct MI300X has only the single OpenCL entry, meaning the available evidence is narrow but decisive in that test.

Architecture Differences

The two chips come from different architectural lineages. The Instinct MI300X uses CDNA 3.0 and the chip name Aqua Vanjaram, built on a 5 nm process at TSMC with 153,000 million transistors on a 1017 mm² die. The RX 9070 XT uses RDNA 4.0 with the Navi 48 chip, built on a 4 nm process at TSMC with 53,900 million transistors on a 357 mm² die. Transistor density is nearly identical: 150.4M per mm² for the MI300X versus 151.0M per mm² for the RX 9070 XT. The MI300X achieves its massive scale through die area rather than density.

Memory architecture diverges completely. The MI300X carries 192 GB of HBM3 across an 8192 bit bus, yielding 5.32 TB/s of bandwidth. The RX 9070 XT carries 16 GB of GDDR6 across a 256 bit bus, yielding 644.6 GB/s. The MI300X has 8.4x the bandwidth and 12x the capacity. Memory clocks also differ: the MI300X runs at 1300 MHz with 5.2 Gbps effective, while the RX 9070 XT runs at 2518 MHz with 20.1 Gbps effective. The GDDR6 operates at a higher clock, but the HBM3 setup wins overwhelmingly on total throughput due to the 32x wider bus.

Compute units scale accordingly. The MI300X has 19,456 shading units, 1,216 TMUs, and no ROPs, producing a texture rate of 2,553.6 GTexel/s and a pixel rate of 0 MPixel/s. The RX 9070 XT has 4,096 shading units, 256 TMUs, and 128 ROPs, producing 760.3 GTexel/s and 380.2 GPixel/s. The MI300X has no ROPs because it has no display or raster output path; the RX 9070 XT includes 64 ray tracing cores and a full DirectX 12 Ultimate feature set.

Clock behavior reflects the different design goals. The MI300X has a base clock of 1000 MHz and a boost of 2100 MHz. The RX 9070 XT has a base of 1660 MHz, a game clock of 2400 MHz, and a boost of 2970 MHz. The consumer card runs much faster at the top end, while the accelerator relies on parallel width.

Power and physical format differ sharply. The MI300X is rated at 750 W TDP with a suggested PSU of 1150 W, uses an OAM module slot, and has no power connectors or display outputs. The RX 9070 XT is rated at 304 W TDP with a suggested PSU of 700 W, uses a dual-slot design, requires 2x 8-pin connectors, and outputs 1x HDMI 2.1b plus 3x DisplayPort 2.1a. API support also splits: the MI300X lists N/A for DirectX, OpenGL, and Vulkan, while the RX 9070 XT supports DirectX 12 Ultimate (12_2), OpenGL 4.6, and Vulkan 1.4.

Where Each One Wins

The Instinct MI300X wins the only directly comparable workload, OpenCL compute, by 1,724.6 percent. Its memory subsystem, 192 GB of HBM3 with 5.32 TB/s bandwidth, makes it suited for data-scale workloads where model weights, datasets, or intermediate tensors exceed the 16 GB capacity of the RX 9070 XT. The 8,192 bit bus width moves data at a rate the GDDR6 bus cannot approach. The lack of ROPs and display outputs signals that the MI300X is not intended for any rasterization, windowed rendering, or video output task.

The RX 9070 XT wins in areas the MI300X does not participate in at all. It has 128 ROPs and a 380.2 GPixel/s fill rate, enabling actual graphics rendering. It has 64 ray tracing cores, which the MI300X lacks in the database record. It supports DirectX 12 Ultimate, OpenGL 4.6, and Vulkan 1.4, while the MI300X reports N/A for all three. The RX 9070 XT also has display outputs, making it the only one of the two that can drive a monitor. Its boost clock of 2970 MHz is 41.4 percent higher than the MI300X boost clock of 2100 MHz, which benefits latency-sensitive workloads that cannot be parallelized across thousands of shaders.

The RX 9070 XT also carries a lower power envelope at 304 W versus 750 W, and it has a production status of Active, while the MI300X has no production status recorded. The RX 9070 XT has a release date of 2025-03-05, about 15 months after the MI300X release date of 2023-12-05.

The Verdict

The data supports a clean split. For large-scale compute, the AMD Instinct MI300X is the stronger part: 317,994 OpenCL score, 100th percentile, 192 GB HBM3, 5.32 TB/s bandwidth, and no display or raster path. Its nearest rivals in the database are NVIDIA H200 NVL, B200, L40S, and RTX 6000 Ada Generation, all data-center accelerators. This is an accelerator for training, inference, and memory-bound compute.

For graphics, rendering, and desktop use, the AMD Radeon RX 9070 XT is the only viable choice between the two, because the MI300X has no display outputs, no ROPs, and no graphics API support. The RX 9070 XT delivers 48.66 TFLOPS FP32, 128 ROPs, 64 ray tracing cores, and a 2,970 MHz boost clock. Its nearest rivals in the database are older or lower-tier parts such as the HD 7770M, GTX 570, P106-090, and Radeon Pro 555, all within 1 percent of its average score. That positioning reflects the fact that its average benchmark score of 13,543 is dragged down by legacy DirectX and 2D tests, not its modern capabilities.

The two parts are not alternatives to each other. A workload that needs OpenCL compute at scale goes to the MI300X. A workload that needs a screen, ray tracing, or DirectX 12 Ultimate goes to the RX 9070 XT. The single shared benchmark makes this unambiguous: the MI300X wins the only test both ran, and the RX 9070 XT wins all tests the MI300X cannot run.

FAQ

Q: Which GPU has the higher Geekbench OpenCL score?

A: The AMD Instinct MI300X scores 317,994, which is 1,724.6 percent higher than the AMD Radeon RX 9070 XT score of 17,428.

Q: How much memory does each GPU have?

A: The Instinct MI300X has 192 GB of HBM3 on an 8192 bit bus with 5.32 TB/s bandwidth. The RX 9070 XT has 16 GB of GDDR6 on a 256 bit bus with 644.6 GB/s bandwidth.

Q: Does either GPU support DirectX 12 Ultimate?

A: Only the RX 9070 XT. It supports DirectX 12 Ultimate (12_2), OpenGL 4.6, and Vulkan 1.4. The MI300X lists N/A for DirectX, OpenGL, and Vulkan.

Q: What are the transistor and die size differences?

A: The MI300X uses 153,000 million transistors on a 1017 mm² die at 5 nm. The RX 9070 XT uses 53,900 million transistors on a 357 mm² die at 4 nm. Transistor density is nearly equal at 150.4M per mm² versus 151.0M per mm².

Q: Which GPU has display outputs?

A: Only the RX 9070 XT, with 1x HDMI 2.1b and 3x DisplayPort 2.1a. The MI300X has no outputs.

Q: What is the TDP of each GPU?

A: The MI300X is rated at 750 W with a suggested PSU of 1150 W. The RX 9070 XT is rated at 304 W with a suggested PSU of 700 W.

Specification Differences

• Architecture: CDNA 3.0 (MI300X) versus RDNA 4.0 (RX 9070 XT)
• Chip: Aqua Vanjaram versus Navi 48
• Process node: 5 nm versus 4 nm
• Transistors: 153,000 million versus 53,900 million
• Die size: 1017 mm² versus 357 mm²
• Base clock: 1000 MHz versus 1660 MHz
• Boost clock: 2100 MHz versus 2970 MHz
• Memory size: 192 GB HBM3 versus 16 GB GDDR6
• Memory bus width: 8192 bit versus 256 bit
• Memory bandwidth: 5.32 TB/s versus 644.6 GB/s
• Shading units: 19,456 versus 4,096
• TMUs: 1,216 versus 256
• ROPs: 0 versus 128
• Ray tracing cores: not recorded versus 64
• Pixel rate: 0 MPixel/s versus 380.2 GPixel/s
• Texture rate: 2,553.6 GTexel/s versus 760.3 GTexel/s
• FP32 performance: 81.72 TFLOPS versus 48.66 TFLOPS
• FP16 performance: 81.72 TFLOPS (1:1) versus 48.66 TFLOPS (1:1)
• TDP: 750 W versus 304 W
• Slot width: OAM Module versus Dual-slot
• Power connectors: None versus 2x 8-pin
• Suggested PSU: 1150 W versus 700 W
• Display outputs: No outputs versus 1x HDMI 2.1b, 3x DisplayPort 2.1a
• DirectX support: N/A versus 12 Ultimate (12_2)
• OpenGL support: N/A versus 4.6
• Vulkan support: N/A versus 1.4
• Release date: 2023-12-05 versus 2025-03-05
• Production status: not recorded versus Active
• Launch MSRP: not recorded versus 599 USD