AMD Instinct MI300X vs AMD Radeon RX 9070 GRE Comparison

The Verdict

The recorded data presents two AMD accelerators with almost no functional overlap. The AMD Instinct MI300X is a compute-oriented accelerator with no display outputs and no consumer API support, while the AMD Radeon RX 9070 GRE is a fully featured graphics card with DirectX 12 Ultimate and Vulkan 1.4 support. The benchmark results show the Instinct MI300X dominating the only shared test, Geekbench OpenCL, with a score of 317994 versus 109309 for the RX 9070 GRE. That is a 190.9% advantage for the MI300X.

The MI300X sits in the 100th percentile of all GPUs in the database, while the RX 9070 GRE sits in the 87th percentile. The MI300X’s nearest rivals include the NVIDIA B200 (345482 score, 8% ahead), NVIDIA H200 NVL (334891 score, 5% ahead), NVIDIA L40S (295763 score, 7.5% behind), and NVIDIA RTX 6000 Ada Generation (287237 score, 10.7% behind). The RX 9070 GRE’s nearest rivals are all much closer in average score: Intel Arc A580 (57756, 0.7% ahead), AMD Radeon RX 5600 OEM (58085, 1.2% ahead), Intel Arc A570M (58239, 1.5% ahead), and AMD Radeon RX 6950 XT (58392, 1.8% ahead).

The data implies two distinct buyer profiles. For compute workloads that rely on raw OpenCL throughput and massive memory capacity, the MI300X is the clear choice based on its 192 GB HBM3 memory and 81.72 TFLOPS FP32 performance. For graphical workloads, operating systems with display output requirements, and standard consumer APIs, the RX 9070 GRE is the only viable option of the two. The RX 9070 GRE’s launch MSRP is 549 USD.

Architecture Differences

The two chips share a manufacturer but diverge in nearly every architectural decision. The MI300X uses the Aqua Vanjaram chip built on CDNA 3.0 architecture and a 5 nm process at TSMC. The RX 9070 GRE uses the Navi 48 chip built on RDNA 4.0 architecture and a 4 nm process, also at TSMC. The MI300X belongs to the Instinct (MIx) generation, while the RX 9070 GRE belongs to the Navi IV (RX 9000) series. The MI300X’s predecessor is Radeon Instinct; the RX 9070 GRE’s predecessor is Navi III.

Transistor counts differ substantially. The MI300X packs 153,000 million transistors on a 1017 mm² die, yielding a transistor density of 150.4M per mm². The RX 9070 GRE contains 53,900 million transistors on a 357 mm² die, yielding a density of 151.0M per mm². Despite the 1000 MHz base clock versus 1420 MHz base clock, the MI300X’s huge shading unit count of 19456 versus 3072 drives its raw compute advantage. The MI300X also has 1216 texture mapping units versus 192 on the RX 9070 GRE.

The memory architectures are completely different. The MI300X uses 192 GB of HBM3 on an 8192 bit bus, delivering 5.32 TB/s bandwidth. The RX 9070 GRE uses 12 GB of GDDR6 on a 192 bit bus, delivering 432.0 GB/s. The MI300X has no ROPs (0 MPixel/s pixel rate), while the RX 9070 GRE has 96 ROPs and a 267.8 GPixel/s pixel rate. The MI300X has no ray tracing cores listed; the RX 9070 GRE has 48. The MI300X has no display outputs, no power connectors (OAM module), and no consumer API support (DirectX, OpenGL, Vulkan all N/A). The RX 9070 GRE has 1x HDMI 2.1b and 3x DisplayPort 2.1a outputs, supports DirectX 12 Ultimate (12_2), OpenGL 4.6, and Vulkan 1.4.

Head-to-Head Benchmarks

The only shared benchmark in the database is Geekbench OpenCL. The MI300X scores 317994, while the RX 9070 GRE scores 109309. That is a delta of 190.9%, meaning the MI300X nearly triples the RX 9070 GRE’s score. The MI300X’s 100th percentile standing in the database reinforces this dominance; it sits above every other GPU recorded. The RX 9070 GRE’s 87th percentile shows it is a strong performer but not at the top tier.

Looking at the MI300X’s nearest rivals, the data shows it trails the NVIDIA B200 by 8% (345482 versus 317994) and the NVIDIA H200 NVL by 5% (334891 versus 317994). It leads the NVIDIA L40S by 7.5% (317994 versus 295763) and the NVIDIA RTX 6000 Ada Generation by 10.7% (317994 versus 287237). The MI300X’s position is competitive among top-tier accelerators, with margins under 11% in either direction.

The RX 9070 GRE’s nearest rivals are remarkably close. The Intel Arc A580 is 0.7% ahead (57756 versus 57367 average), the AMD Radeon RX 5600 OEM is 1.2% ahead (58085), the Intel Arc A570M is 1.5% ahead (58239), and the AMD Radeon RX 6950 XT is 1.8% ahead (58392). The RX 9070 GRE’s average benchmark score of 57367 comes from two tests: Geekbench OpenCL at 109309 and 3DMark Steel Nomad DX12 at 5424. The MI300X’s average score of 317994 comes solely from Geekbench OpenCL, as its lack of display outputs and consumer APIs precludes 3DMark testing.

Specification Differences

The table below shows only the fields where the two differ.

| Field | MI300X | RX 9070 GRE |

|---|---|---|

| Architecture | CDNA 3.0 | RDNA 4.0 |

| Process node | 5 nm | 4 nm |

| Transistors | 153,000 million | 53,900 million |

| Die size | 1017 mm² | 357 mm² |

| Base clock | 1000 MHz | 1420 MHz |

| Boost clock | 2100 MHz | 2790 MHz |

| Game clock | N/A | 2220 MHz |

| Memory clock | 1300 MHz (5.2 Gbps effective) | 2250 MHz (18 Gbps effective) |

| Memory size | 192 GB | 12 GB |

| Memory type | HBM3 | GDDR6 |

| Memory bus | 8192 bit | 192 bit |

| Memory bandwidth | 5.32 TB/s | 432.0 GB/s |

| Shading units | 19456 | 3072 |

| TMUs | 1216 | 192 |

| ROPs | 0 | 96 |

| RT cores | N/A | 48 |

| Pixel rate | 0 MPixel/s | 267.8 GPixel/s |

| Texture rate | 2,553.6 GTexel/s | 535.7 GTexel/s |

| FP32 | 81.72 TFLOPS | 34.28 TFLOPS |

| FP16 | 81.72 TFLOPS (1:1) | 34.28 TFLOPS (1:1) |

| TDP | 750 W | 220 W |

| Slot width | OAM Module | Dual-slot |

| Power connectors | None | 2x 8-pin |

| Suggested PSU | 1150 W | 550 W |

| Display outputs | No outputs | 1x HDMI 2.1b, 3x DisplayPort 2.1a |

| DirectX | N/A | 12 Ultimate (12_2) |

| OpenGL | N/A | 4.6 |

| Vulkan | N/A | 1.4 |

| Production status | N/A | Active |

| Release date | 2023-12-05 | 2025-05-07 |

| Predecessor | Radeon Instinct | Navi III |

| Launch MSRP | N/A | 549 USD |

FAQ

Q: Which GPU has higher raw compute throughput?

A: The MI300X delivers 81.72 TFLOPS FP32 and 81.72 TFLOPS FP16 (1:1). The RX 9070 GRE delivers 34.28 TFLOPS FP32 and 34.28 TFLOPS FP16 (1:1).

Q: What is the memory capacity difference?

A: The MI300X has 192 GB of HBM3 on an 8192 bit bus with 5.32 TB/s bandwidth. The RX 9070 GRE has 12 GB of GDDR6 on a 192 bit bus with 432.0 GB/s bandwidth.

Q: Does the MI300X support display outputs?

A: No. The MI300X has no display outputs and no consumer API support (DirectX, OpenGL, Vulkan are all N/A). The RX 9070 GRE has 1x HDMI 2.1b and 3x DisplayPort 2.1a.

Q: How do the two compare in the Geekbench OpenCL benchmark?

A: The MI300X scores 317994 versus 109309 for the RX 9070 GRE, a 190.9% advantage for the MI300X.

Q: What is the percentile ranking for each?

A: The MI300X is in the 100th percentile of all GPUs. The RX 9070 GRE is in the 87th percentile.

Q: What are the power requirements?

A: The MI300X has a 750 W TDP and suggests a 1150 W PSU, using no power connectors (OAM module). The RX 9070 GRE has a 220 W TDP, uses 2x 8-pin connectors, and suggests a 550 W PSU.

Where Each One Wins

The MI300X wins in every compute-heavy category recorded. Its FP32 throughput of 81.72 TFLOPS is more than double the RX 9070 GRE’s 34.28 TFLOPS. Its texture rate of 2,553.6 GTexel/s is nearly five times the RX 9070 GRE’s 535.7 GTexel/s. The 192 GB HBM3 memory with 5.32 TB/s bandwidth is a massive advantage for large datasets, model weights, or in-memory compute workloads. The MI300X’s 100th percentile ranking and its competitive standing against the NVIDIA B200 (8% behind), H200 NVL (5% behind), L40S (7.5% ahead), and RTX 6000 Ada (10.7% ahead) show it belongs in the top tier of accelerators.

The RX 9070 GRE wins in every graphics and consumer-facing category. It has ROPs (96) and a pixel rate of 267.8 GPixel/s; the MI300X has zero ROPs and a 0 MPixel/s pixel rate. The RX 9070 GRE has 48 ray tracing cores; the MI300X lists none. The RX 9070 GRE supports DirectX 12 Ultimate (12_2), OpenGL 4.6, and Vulkan 1.4, while the MI300X supports none of these APIs. The RX 9070 GRE has display outputs, a dual-slot form factor, and 2x 8-pin power connectors, making it installable in a standard workstation or gaming system with a 550 W PSU suggestion. The MI300X is an OAM module with no connectors and no outputs, requiring a 1150 W PSU suggestion.

The benchmark data reinforces the split. The RX 9070 GRE’s 3DMark Steel Nomad DX12 score of 5424 demonstrates its graphical capability, a test the MI300X cannot run due to its lack of display outputs and API support. In the shared Geekbench OpenCL test, the MI300X wins decisively with 190.9% higher score. The RX 9070 GRE’s nearest rivals in the database are all within 1.8% of its average score, indicating a tightly contested mid-range field. The MI300X’s nearest rivals span an 18.7% range (from 8% behind to 10.7% ahead), showing it competes in a higher-performance tier with wider margins.

The release dates also mark a generational gap. The MI300X launched on 2023-12-05, while the RX 9070 GRE launched on 2025-05-07 with an Active production status. The MI300X uses CDNA 3.0 on 5 nm, the RX 9070 GRE uses RDNA 4.0 on 4 nm. The RX 9070 GRE’s predecessor is Navi III, while the MI300X’s predecessor is Radeon Instinct. The transistor density is nearly identical (150.4M per mm² versus 151.0M per mm²), but the MI300X’s much larger die (1017 mm² versus 357 mm²) allows for 153,000 million transistors versus 53,900 million. The data shows two specialized tools: one for massive parallel compute with enormous memory, the other for rasterized and ray-traced graphics with standard display connectivity.