AMD Radeon RX 9070 XT vs NVIDIA Rubin GPU Comparison

The Verdict

The recorded data presents two fundamentally different hardware classes. The AMD Radeon RX 9070 XT is an active, retail-focused graphics card from the Radeon RX 9000 series, built on the RDNA 4.0 architecture with a 4 nm process at TSMC. The NVIDIA Rubin GPU is a server-class accelerator from the Server Rubin (Rxx) generation, built on the Rubin architecture with a 3 nm process at TSMC. The database contains benchmark scores for the RX 9070 XT, while the Rubin GPU has no recorded benchmarks, no average score, and no nearest rivals.

For users selecting among consumer graphics cards, the RX 9070 XT is the only option with measurable performance data. It holds a 55th percentile rank against all GPUs in the database, with an average benchmark score of 13,543. Its nearest rivals in average score are the AMD Radeon HD 7770M at 13,536, the NVIDIA GeForce GTX 570 at 13,515, the NVIDIA P106-090 at 13,470, and the AMD Radeon Pro 555 at 13,407. The RX 9070 XT leads each of these by 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5%, and 1.0% respectively, indicating that its average score sits only marginally above a cluster of older or lower-tier parts.

The NVIDIA Rubin GPU, by contrast, reports no benchmarks and an average score of zero. Its percentile rank is 50, which is not supported by any recorded measurements. The data cannot support a performance verdict for the Rubin GPU. The RX 9070 XT is the only part in this comparison with verified benchmark results, so any selection based on measured data must default to the AMD card.

Architecture Differences

The two processors diverge sharply in nearly every architectural parameter. The RX 9070 XT uses the Navi 48 chip, fabricated on a 4 nm process at TSMC, with 53,900 million transistors on a 357 mm² die. Its transistor density is 151.0 million per mm². The Rubin GPU uses the GR100 chip, fabricated on a 3 nm process at TSMC, with 336,000 million transistors on a 1456 mm² die. Its transistor density is 230.8 million per mm². The Rubin die is approximately four times larger in area and holds over six times the transistor count.

Memory configurations differ by an order of magnitude. The RX 9070 XT has 16 GB of GDDR6 on a 256 bit bus, delivering 644.6 GB/s of bandwidth. The Rubin GPU has 288 GB of HBM4 on a 16384 bit bus, delivering 22.1 TB/s of bandwidth. The Rubin memory bus is 64 times wider, and its bandwidth is roughly 34 times higher.

Compute resources also scale dramatically. The RX 9070 XT has 4,096 shading units, 256 texture mapping units, 128 render output units, and 64 ray tracing cores. The Rubin GPU has 28,672 shading units, 896 texture mapping units, 24 render output units, and 896 tensor cores. The Rubin GPU has seven times the shading units, 3.5 times the texture units, but only 24 render output units compared to 128. Its pixel rate is 54.41 GPixel/s versus 380.2 GPixel/s for the RX 9070 XT, while its texture rate is 2,031.2 GTexel/s versus 760.3 GTexel/s. The FP32 throughput is 130.0 TFLOPS for Rubin versus 48.66 TFLOPS for the RX 9070 XT. The FP16 rates show a structural difference: the RX 9070 XT delivers 48.66 TFLOPS at a 1:1 ratio, while Rubin delivers 260.0 TFLOPS at a 2:1 ratio.

Clock behavior is inverted. The RX 9070 XT runs a base clock of 1660 MHz, a boost of 2970 MHz, and a game clock of 2400 MHz. The Rubin GPU runs a base clock of 700 MHz and a boost of 2267 MHz, with no game clock defined. Power figures are likewise extreme: the RX 9070 XT has a TDP of 304 W with a suggested PSU of 700 W, while the Rubin GPU has a TDP of 2300 W with a suggested PSU of 2700 W. The RX 9070 XT uses dual-slot cooling with two 8-pin power connectors; the Rubin GPU is an SXM module with no display outputs. The RX 9070 XT supports PCIe 5.0 x16, while Rubin uses PCIe 6.0 x16. API support also differs: the RX 9070 XT lists DirectX 12 Ultimate (12_2), OpenGL 4.6, and Vulkan 1.4, whereas Rubin lists N/A for all three.

Head-to-Head Benchmarks

The database contains no direct head-to-head benchmark entries between the RX 9070 XT and the NVIDIA Rubin GPU. The winsA and winsB fields are both zero. With no recorded scores for the Rubin GPU, there are no exact delta values to compare.

The RX 9070 XT does have a full benchmark profile. In 3DMark Steel Nomad DX12 it scores 7,260. Geekbench OpenCL returns 17,428, and Geekbench Vulkan returns 65,879. Passmark scores break down as follows: DirectX 10 at 154, DirectX 11 at 292, DirectX 12 at 78, DirectX 9 at 353, G2D at 1,328, G3D at 26,795, and GPU Compute at 15,864. The average across all recorded tests is 13,543. The percentile rank of 55 places this card just above the midpoint of all GPUs in the database.

The nearest rival comparisons in the database are relevant here. The RX 9070 XT's average score of 13,543 is only 0.1% above the AMD Radeon HD 7770M, 0.2% above the NVIDIA GeForce GTX 570, 0.5% above the NVIDIA P106-090, and 1.0% above the AMD Radeon Pro 555. These deltas are small, so the RX 9070 XT neither dominates nor trails its nearest scored competitors by a meaningful margin in average terms. The Rubin GPU has no such comparisons, so no relative performance statement can be made.

FAQ

Q: Which GPU has higher FP32 compute throughput?

A: The NVIDIA Rubin GPU reports 130.0 TFLOPS of FP32, while the AMD Radeon RX 9070 XT reports 48.66 TFLOPS. The Rubin GPU is 2.67 times higher in this metric.

Q: What memory capacity and bandwidth does each GPU use?

A: The RX 9070 XT has 16 GB of GDDR6 on a 256 bit bus with 644.6 GB/s bandwidth. The Rubin GPU has 288 GB of HBM4 on a 16384 bit bus with 22.1 TB/s bandwidth.

Q: Are there any direct benchmark comparisons between the two?

A: No. The database lists zero head-to-head benchmark entries, zero wins for either part, and no benchmark scores for the Rubin GPU. Only the RX 9070 XT has recorded scores.

Q: What is the RX 9070 XT's average benchmark score and percentile?

A: The RX 9070 XT has an average benchmark score of 13,543 and sits at the 55th percentile of all GPUs in the database. Its nearest rivals are within 1% of its average score.

Q: Does the Rubin GPU support display output?

A: No. The Rubin GPU lists no display outputs, while the RX 9070 XT provides one HDMI 2.1b port and three DisplayPort 2.1a ports.

Q: What are the power requirements for each part?

A: The RX 9070 XT has a TDP of 304 W and a suggested PSU of 700 W. The Rubin GPU has a TDP of 2300 W and a suggested PSU of 2700 W.

Where Each One Wins

The RX 9070 XT wins in every category where recorded data exists. It has a complete benchmark suite, a 55th percentile rank, an average score of 13,543, and a 2025-03-05 release date with a launch MSRP of 599 USD. It supports DirectX 12 Ultimate, OpenGL 4.6, and Vulkan 1.4, includes display outputs, and uses a dual-slot cooler with standard 8-pin power connectors. Its pixel rate of 380.2 GPixel/s is roughly seven times that of the Rubin GPU, and its 128 render output units are over five times the Rubin count. For any workload relying on rasterization output, the RX 9070 XT is the clear winner in the measured data.

The Rubin GPU wins on raw compute and memory scale. Its FP32 throughput of 130.0 TFLOPS is 2.67 times higher than the RX 9070 XT. Its FP16 throughput of 260.0 TFLOPS is over five times higher. Its texture rate of 2,031.2 GTexel/s is 2.67 times higher. Its 288 GB of HBM4 memory and 22.1 TB/s bandwidth dwarf the RX 9070 XT's 16 GB and 644.6 GB/s. Its 896 tensor cores give it a hardware feature the RX 9070 XT does not list at all. Its 28,672 shading units and 896 texture mapping units also outnumber the RX 9070 XT substantially.

The Rubin GPU also leads in process and integration density. Its 3 nm node is smaller than the 4 nm node of the RX 9070 XT, and its transistor density of 230.8 million per mm² is higher than 151.0 million per mm². Its 336,000 million transistors and 1456 mm² die area represent a different scale of silicon investment. It uses PCIe 6.0 x16, one generation ahead of the RX 9070 XT's PCIe 5.0 x16. It is a server accelerator with no display outputs and no consumer API support, so its wins are confined to compute, memory, and bandwidth domains.

The two parts do not compete in the same market segment. The RX 9070 XT is a consumer graphics card with verified benchmarks, active production status, and a retail release date. The Rubin GPU is an active server module with no benchmarks, no API support, and no display output. The data shows that the RX 9070 XT is the only part with measurable gaming or general GPU performance, while the Rubin GPU's recorded specifications point to a high-throughput compute role. Any workload that requires validated benchmark results, consumer API compatibility, or display output falls to the RX 9070 XT. Any workload that requires maximum FP32 or FP16 throughput, tensor core availability, or enormous memory capacity aligns with the Rubin GPU's specification sheet, though no benchmark data exists to confirm its practical performance.