Intel Arc A310E vs NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 D Comparison

The Verdict

The Intel Arc A310E and NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 D occupy completely different ends of the hardware spectrum. The Arc A310E is an end-of-life entry-level part with a 50th percentile ranking among all GPUs, while the RTX 4090 D sits at the 98th percentile, placing it among the fastest accelerators in the database. The recorded data shows the NVIDIA part delivers an average benchmark score of 178050, derived from three tests, against which the Intel part has no recorded benchmark scores at all. The RTX 4090 D is the only realistic choice for performance-driven workloads; the Arc A310E exists for scenarios where its 75 W power draw, single-slot profile, and four mini-DisplayPort 2.0 outputs are more important than raw compute throughput. The Intel card targets low-profile, low-power embedded or multi-display deployments, whereas the NVIDIA card targets high-end rendering, AI, and content creation with 24 GB of memory and a 1.01 TB/s memory bus.

Architecture Differences

The two GPUs share a 12 Ultimate (12_2) DirectX feature level, OpenGL 4.6, and Vulkan 1.4 support, but their underlying designs diverge sharply. Intel uses the DG2-128 chip built on Xe-HPG architecture, produced on a TSMC 6 nm process. The die contains 7,200 million transistors across 157 mm², yielding a transistor density of 45.9M per mm². NVIDIA counters with the AD102 chip using Ada Lovelace architecture, fabricated on a TSMC 5 nm node. That die packs 76,300 million transistors into 609 mm², for a density of 125.3M per mm². The NVIDIA process advantage in density is substantial, roughly 2.7 times the transistors per square millimeter.

The execution resources differ by an order of magnitude. The Arc A310E has 768 shading units, 32 texture mapping units, 16 ROPs, and 6 ray tracing cores. The RTX 4090 D has 14,592 shading units, 456 TMUs, 176 ROPs, and 114 RT cores, plus 456 tensor cores for AI acceleration; the Intel part lists no tensor core count. Clock behavior differs too: the Intel GPU runs at a flat 2000 MHz for both base and boost, while the NVIDIA GPU boosts from 2280 MHz base to 2520 MHz.

Memory architecture is equally lopsided. The Arc A310E has 4 GB of GDDR6 on a 64-bit bus, delivering 124.0 GB/s. The RTX 4090 D has 24 GB of GDDR6X on a 384-bit bus, delivering 1.01 TB/s, roughly 8.1 times the bandwidth. The NVIDIA card's memory clock runs at 1313 MHz with 21 Gbps effective, while the Intel card uses 1937 MHz with 15.5 Gbps effective. Physical dimensions follow the performance gap: the Arc A310E is 168 mm long, 69 mm tall, and 20 mm wide, single-slot, with no power connectors. The RTX 4090 D is 304 mm long, 137 mm tall, and 61 mm wide, triple-slot, requiring one 16-pin connector. The suggested power supply for the Intel card is 250 W; for the NVIDIA card it is 800 W.

Head-to-Head Benchmarks

Direct comparison is limited because the database contains no shared benchmark results between the two. The RTX 4090 D has three recorded scores: 8587 in 3DMark Steel Nomad DX12, 278621 in Geekbench OpenCL, and 246941 in Geekbench Vulkan. The Arc A310E has no recorded benchmark entries, so its average score is zero and its nearest rival list is empty. The NVIDIA card's average benchmark score of 178050 places it in the 98th percentile of all GPUs.

The RTX 4090 D's nearest rivals in the database show its standing. The NVIDIA RTX PRO 5000 Blackwell scores 182109, which is 2.2 percent higher. The NVIDIA A100 SXM4 80 GB scores 183725, 3.1 percent higher. The NVIDIA RTX 5000 Ada Generation scores 184664, 3.6 percent higher. The NVIDIA A100 SXM4 40 GB scores 187147, 4.9 percent higher. These deltas indicate the RTX 4090 D trails the professional workstation and data-center flagships by single-digit percentages, while still sitting far above the broader GPU population. The Arc A310E, by contrast, has no comparable data points to establish a competitive position.

The compute throughput figures reinforce the gap. The Arc A310E delivers 3.072 TFLOPS FP32 and 6.144 TFLOPS FP16 with a 2:1 ratio. The RTX 4090 D delivers 73.54 TFLOPS FP32 and 73.54 TFLOPS FP16 at a 1:1 ratio, roughly 23.9 times the FP32 throughput. Pixel rate for the Intel card is 32.00 GPixel/s against 443.5 GPixel/s for NVIDIA, a 13.9 times difference. Texture rate is 64.00 GTexel/s versus 1,149.1 GTexel/s, an 18.0 times difference.

FAQ

Q: Which GPU has more memory and bandwidth?

A: The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 D has 24 GB of GDDR6X on a 384-bit bus with 1.01 TB/s bandwidth. The Intel Arc A310E has 4 GB of GDDR6 on a 64-bit bus with 124.0 GB/s.

Q: What process nodes do the two GPUs use?

A: The Intel Arc A310E uses a 6 nm TSMC process. The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 D uses a 5 nm TSMC process. The NVIDIA die has a transistor density of 125.3M per mm², while the Intel die has 45.9M per mm².

Q: How do their power requirements compare?

A: The Intel Arc A310E has a 75 W TDP, uses no power connectors, and requires a 250 W suggested power supply. The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 D has a 425 W TDP, uses one 16-pin power connector, and requires an 800 W suggested power supply.

Q: What is the RTX 4090 D's benchmark performance relative to its nearest rivals?

A: Its average benchmark score is 178050. The RTX PRO 5000 Blackwell scores 2.2 percent higher, the A100 SXM4 80 GB scores 3.1 percent higher, the RTX 5000 Ada Generation scores 3.6 percent higher, and the A100 SXM4 40 GB scores 4.9 percent higher.

Q: Do both GPUs support the same graphics APIs?

A: Yes, both support DirectX 12 Ultimate (12_2), OpenGL 4.6, and Vulkan 1.4. The NVIDIA card also has 456 tensor cores, which the Intel card does not list.

Q: What are the physical size differences?

A: The Intel Arc A310E is 168 mm long, 69 mm tall, and 20 mm wide, occupying a single slot. The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 D is 304 mm long, 137 mm tall, and 61 mm wide, occupying three slots.

Where Each One Wins

The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 D wins in every performance category with recorded data. It leads in FP32 compute at 73.54 TFLOPS versus 3.072 TFLOPS, in FP16 at 73.54 TFLOPS versus 6.144 TFLOPS, in pixel rate at 443.5 GPixel/s versus 32.00 GPixel/s, and in texture rate at 1,149.1 GTexel/s versus 64.00 GTexel/s. Its 24 GB frame buffer and 1.01 TB/s bandwidth suit large datasets, high-resolution textures, and GPU-accelerated rendering workloads. The 456 tensor cores give it a hardware path for AI inference and DLSS-style operations that the Intel part lacks. The 98th percentile ranking confirms its position among the fastest GPUs in the database. The RTX 4090 D launched with an MSRP of 1,599 USD, which reflects its flagship status in the GeForce 40-series.

The Intel Arc A310E wins in power efficiency and physical integration. Its 75 W TDP requires no external power connectors and only a 250 W system power supply, making it suitable for compact or passively cooled systems. The single-slot, 168 mm length, and 69 mm height allow installation in small chassis where the triple-slot, 304 mm RTX 4090 D will not fit. The four mini-DisplayPort 2.0 outputs exceed the NVIDIA card's configuration of one HDMI 2.1 and three DisplayPort 1.4a ports, which gives the Intel part an advantage in multi-monitor or digital signage setups. The Arc A310E's 50th percentile ranking indicates it sits near the median of all GPUs, adequate for basic 2D output and light 3D work, but without the headroom for demanding applications. Its end-of-life status and successor Battlemage indicate the architecture has been superseded, while the RTX 4090 D's successor is the GeForce 50 series. For raw performance, the database is unambiguous: the RTX 4090 D delivers roughly 24 times the FP32 throughput, 18 times the texture rate, and 14 times the pixel rate of the Arc A310E, with 6 times the memory capacity and 8.1 times the memory bandwidth.