AMD Radeon Vega 10 Mobile vs NVIDIA GeForce GTX 460 Comparison

The Verdict

The recorded data draws a clear line between these two: the NVIDIA GeForce GTX 460 wins the only head-to-head benchmark in the database, and it wins by a substantial margin. In the Geekbench OpenCL test, the GTX 460 scores 7925 against the AMD Radeon Vega 10 Mobile's 6476, a 22.4% advantage. The GTX 460 also sits at the 41st percentile of all GPUs, four points above the Vega 10 Mobile's 37th percentile. If raw compute throughput in this specific workload is the priority, the GTX 460 is the pick.

However, the Vega 10 Mobile is not without its own logic. It is an integrated part design rated at 10 W, whereas the GTX 460 is a discrete dual-slot card with a 160 W TDP and two 6-pin power connectors. The GTX 460 demands a 450 W suggested PSU and a PCIe 2.0 x16 slot; the Vega 10 Mobile needs none of that infrastructure. For a portable system or a low-power embedded build where the GPU is soldered into the platform, the Vega 10 Mobile is the only realistic option. For a desktop build where power delivery and space are non-issues, the GTX 460 delivers measurably more OpenCL performance.

The data does not support picking the Vega 10 Mobile for raw speed. It supports picking it for integration and power envelope. Users who need a functioning GPU in a thin, fanless-adjacent environment should choose AMD. Users who need the higher benchmark score and have the power budget should choose NVIDIA.

Architecture Differences

The two GPUs come from different architectural generations and foundries, which explains much of the performance gap. The NVIDIA GeForce GTX 460 uses the GF104 chip built on Fermi architecture, fabricated by TSMC on a 40 nm process. The die measures 332 mm² and contains 1,950 million transistors, giving a transistor density of 5.9 million per square millimeter. The AMD Radeon Vega 10 Mobile uses the Raven-M chip built on GCN 5.0 architecture, fabricated by GlobalFoundries on a 14 nm process. Its die is 210 mm² but packs 4,940 million transistors, a density of 23.5 million per square millimeter.

The GTX 460 is a discrete part with dedicated GDDR5 memory: 768 MB on a 192-bit bus, delivering 86.40 GB/s of bandwidth. The Vega 10 Mobile is an IGP (integrated graphics processor) with system-shared memory; its bus width, type, and bandwidth are all listed as system dependent. That means the AMD part's memory performance is entirely tied to the host system's RAM configuration, whereas the NVIDIA card has its own fixed memory subsystem.

Shader and texture resources differ sharply. The GTX 460 has 336 shading units, 56 texture mapping units, and 24 ROPs. The Vega 10 Mobile has 640 shading units, 40 TMUs, and only 8 ROPs. The AMD part has nearly double the shader count but fewer TMUs and a third of the ROPs. Pixel rate favors AMD slightly: 10.41 GPixel/s versus 9.450 GPixel/s. Texture rate also favors AMD: 52.04 GTexel/s versus 37.80 GTexel/s. FP32 compute favors AMD as well: 1.665 TFLOPS versus 907.2 GFLOPS. The Vega 10 Mobile also supports FP16 at 3.331 TFLOPS with a 2:1 ratio, a feature the GTX 460 does not list.

Clock behavior differs because the Vega 10 Mobile has a base clock of 300 MHz and a boost clock of 1301 MHz, while the GTX 460 records only a memory clock of 900 MHz (3.6 Gbps effective) with no base or boost figure in the database. API support also differs: the GTX 460 supports DirectX 12 (11_0) and OpenGL 4.6 but lists no Vulkan support, while the Vega 10 Mobile supports DirectX 12 (12_1), OpenGL 4.6, and Vulkan 1.3.

Head-to-Head Benchmarks

The database contains one head-to-head measurement: Geekbench OpenCL. The GTX 460 scores 7925, and the Vega 10 Mobile scores 6476. The delta is 22.4% in favor of NVIDIA. That is not a marginal edge; it is a decisive margin in this compute workload.

Context from the nearest rivals reinforces the gap. The GTX 460's closest competitors in the database are the NVIDIA Quadro K4100M at 7906 (0.2% behind the GTX 460), the NVIDIA Quadro P5000 at 8039 (1.4% ahead of the GTX 460), the NVIDIA GeForce GTX 880M at 8040 (1.4% ahead), and the NVIDIA GeForce GTX 650 Ti at 8053 (1.6% ahead). The GTX 460 essentially trades blows with these parts, sitting within 1.6% of all four.

The Vega 10 Mobile's nearest rivals cluster lower. The NVIDIA Quadro M5000M scores 6481, which is 0.1% ahead of the AMD part. The NVIDIA GeForce GT 555M scores 6493 (0.3% ahead), the NVIDIA GeForce GTX 670M scores 6513 (0.6% ahead), and the NVIDIA RTX PRO 5000 72 GB Blackwell scores 6407 (1.1% behind the AMD part). The Vega 10 Mobile is therefore in a different performance tier entirely: its score is closer to mobile parts from several generations back than to the GTX 460's peer group.

The win tally records 1 win for the GTX 460 and 0 for the Vega 10 Mobile. The benchmark data does not show a single test where the AMD part overtakes the NVIDIA card.

FAQ

Q: Which GPU is faster in the recorded benchmark?

A: The NVIDIA GeForce GTX 460. It scores 7925 in Geekbench OpenCL against the AMD Radeon Vega 10 Mobile's 6476, a 22.4% advantage.

Q: Does the AMD Radeon Vega 10 Mobile have more shading units than the GTX 460?

A: Yes. The Vega 10 Mobile has 640 shading units, while the GTX 460 has 336. Despite this, the GTX 460 still wins the recorded OpenCL benchmark.

Q: What memory does each GPU use?

A: The GTX 460 uses 768 MB of GDDR5 on a 192-bit bus with 86.40 GB/s bandwidth. The Vega 10 Mobile uses system-shared memory, with bandwidth listed as system dependent.

Q: What are the power requirements for each GPU?

A: The GTX 460 has a 160 W TDP, is dual-slot, requires 2x 6-pin power connectors, and has a suggested PSU of 450 W. The Vega 10 Mobile has a 10 W TDP, is an IGP, requires no power connectors, and lists no suggested PSU.

Q: Which GPU supports Vulkan?

A: Only the AMD Radeon Vega 10 Mobile lists Vulkan 1.3 support. The GTX 460 lists DirectX 12 (11_0) and OpenGL 4.6 but no Vulkan version.

Q: How do the two GPUs compare in terms of process node?

A: The GTX 460 is built on a 40 nm TSMC process, while the Vega 10 Mobile is built on a 14 nm GlobalFoundries process. The AMD part also has a higher transistor density: 23.5M per mm² versus 5.9M per mm².

Where Each One Wins

The GTX 460 wins in the only recorded benchmark, so any performance-sensitive use case goes to it. Its 7925 OpenCL score places it in the 41st percentile of all GPUs, and its nearest rivals are all within 1.6% of its score, meaning it competes with the Quadro K4100M, Quadro P5000, GTX 880M, and GTX 650 Ti. That is a credible compute tier for a card from the GeForce 400 generation.

The Vega 10 Mobile wins in integration and power efficiency. Its 10 W TDP, IGP form factor, and lack of power connectors make it suitable for portable devices where a discrete card cannot fit. Its nearest rivals are the Quadro M5000M (0.1% ahead), GeForce GT 555M (0.3% ahead), GeForce GTX 670M (0.6% ahead), and RTX PRO 5000 72 GB Blackwell (1.1% behind), a slower peer group. The AMD part also offers newer API support: DirectX 12 (12_1) and Vulkan 1.3, neither of which the GTX 460 can match in feature level. For workloads that depend on those APIs, the Vega 10 Mobile is the safer choice despite the lower raw score.

The GTX 460 also wins on dedicated memory bandwidth. Its 86.40 GB/s is fixed and independent of the host system, while the Vega 10 Mobile's bandwidth is system dependent. In scenarios where the host RAM is slow or shared with the CPU, the AMD part will degrade further. The GTX 460's 768 MB GDDR5 is small by modern standards, but it is dedicated.

The Vega 10 Mobile wins on compute features that the GTX 460 lacks: FP16 at 3.331 TFLOPS and a higher FP32 figure of 1.665 TFLOPS. The GTX 460 lists 907.2 GFLOPS FP32, so the AMD part has the higher theoretical compute ceiling. The benchmark result shows that theoretical advantage does not translate into a higher OpenCL score, but for software that specifically exploits FP16 or GCN 5.0 features, the AMD part has a structural edge.

Specification Differences

The two GPUs differ in nearly every physical and functional specification recorded.

| Specification | NVIDIA GeForce GTX 460 | AMD Radeon Vega 10 Mobile |

|---|---|---|

| Chip | GF104 | Raven-M |

| Architecture | Fermi | GCN 5.0 |

| Generation | GeForce 400 | Vega IGP (Raven Ridge-M) |

| Process node | 40 nm | 14 nm |

| Foundry | TSMC | GlobalFoundries |

| Transistors | 1,950 million | 4,940 million |

| Die size | 332 mm² | 210 mm² |

| Transistor density | 5.9M / mm² | 23.5M / mm² |

| Base clock | Not listed | 300 MHz |

| Boost clock | Not listed | 1301 MHz |

| Memory clock | 900 MHz (3.6 Gbps effective) | System Shared |

| Memory size | 768 MB | System Shared |

| Memory type | GDDR5 | System Shared |

| Memory bus width | 192 bit | System Shared |

| Memory bandwidth | 86.40 GB/s | System Dependent |

| Shading units | 336 | 640 |

| TMUs | 56 | 40 |

| ROPs | 24 | 8 |

| Pixel rate | 9.450 GPixel/s | 10.41 GPixel/s |

| Texture rate | 37.80 GTexel/s | 52.04 GTexel/s |

| FP32 | 907.2 GFLOPS | 1.665 TFLOPS |

| FP16 | Not listed | 3.331 TFLOPS (2:1) |

| TDP | 160 W | 10 W |

| Slot width | Dual-slot | IGP |

| Power connectors | 2x 6-pin | None |

| Suggested PSU | 450 W | Not listed |

| Bus interface | PCIe 2.0 x16 | IGP |

| Display outputs | 2x DVI, 1x mini-HDMI 1.3a | Portable Device Dependent |

| DirectX | 12 (11_0) | 12 (12_1) |

| OpenGL | 4.6 | 4.6 |

| Vulkan | Not listed | 1.3 |

| Release date | 2010-07-11 | 2019-01-07 |

| Production status | End-of-life | End-of-life |

| Launch MSRP | 199 USD | Not listed |

The GTX 460 is a larger, older, more power-hungry discrete card with dedicated memory and a higher benchmark score. The Vega 10 Mobile is a smaller, newer, far more power-efficient IGP with more shaders and newer API support. The database records one decisive benchmark win for NVIDIA, while AMD holds the advantages in integration, feature set, and theoretical compute.