AMD Radeon RX 5600 OEM vs NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5090 D Comparison

NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5090 D and AMD Radeon RX 5600 OEM sit at opposite ends of the hardware spectrum, and the recorded benchmark data reflects that gap clearly. The RTX 5090 D is a current-generation flagship built on a 5 nm process, while the RX 5600 OEM is an end-of-life mainstream part from the RDNA 1.0 era. The database shows the RTX 5090 D winning both head-to-head tests, but the RX 5600 OEM still holds relevance for specific legacy or low-power scenarios. Below is a breakdown of where each card stands based solely on the measured data.

Where Each One Wins

The RTX 5090 D wins every recorded benchmark comparison, and it does so by margins that are not close. In Geekbench OpenCL, the NVIDIA card scores 310674 against the AMD card's 62427, a delta of 397.7 percent. In Geekbench Vulkan, the gap widens further: 376915 versus 53743, a delta of 601.3 percent. The head-to-head tally is 2 wins for NVIDIA, 0 for AMD.

The RX 5600 OEM has no benchmark wins in this comparison. Its strengths are not visible in raw performance scores but in what those scores imply about power and system requirements. The AMD card carries a 125 W TDP and a suggested PSU of 300 W, whereas the RTX 5090 D requires 575 W and a 950 W PSU. For a builder assembling a low-power or small-form-factor system, the RX 5600 OEM is the only practical choice between these two, even though every performance metric favors the NVIDIA card.

The RTX 5090 D also dominates in compute-oriented workloads. Its Geekbench OpenCL score is nearly five times the AMD card's, and its Geekbench Vulkan score is over seven times higher. The data indicates that the RTX 5090 D is the clear pick for any application that stresses GPU compute, ray tracing, or high-resolution gaming. The RX 5600 OEM, with its 87th percentile ranking versus the RTX 5090 D's 92nd percentile, is better suited to older titles or less demanding tasks where its lower power draw is an advantage.

Architecture Differences

The two GPUs share a foundry but little else. The RTX 5090 D uses the GB202 chip built on TSMC's 5 nm process, while the RX 5600 OEM uses the Navi 10 chip on TSMC's 7 nm process. Transistor counts diverge sharply: the NVIDIA chip packs 92,200 million transistors on a 750 mm² die, giving a density of 122.9 million transistors per square millimeter. The AMD chip has 10,300 million transistors on a 251 mm² die, with a density of 41.0 million per square millimeter.

Memory architecture is another major split. The RTX 5090 D comes with 32 GB of GDDR7 on a 512-bit bus, delivering 1.79 TB/s of bandwidth. The RX 5600 OEM has 6 GB of GDDR6 on a 192-bit bus, with 288.0 GB/s of bandwidth. That is a 1.5 TB/s difference in raw memory throughput, which explains much of the performance gap in bandwidth-sensitive workloads.

The NVIDIA card is built on the Blackwell 2.0 architecture and includes 21760 shading units, 680 texture mapping units, 176 ROPs, 170 ray tracing cores, and 680 tensor cores. The AMD card uses RDNA 1.0 with 2048 shading units, 128 TMUs, and 64 ROPs, and it has no dedicated ray tracing or tensor cores. The RTX 5090 D also supports DirectX 12 Ultimate (12_2), while the RX 5600 OEM tops out at DirectX 12 (12_1). Both cards support OpenGL 4.6 and Vulkan 1.4, but the feature sets under DX12 differ.

Clock behavior is also distinct. The RTX 5090 D has a base clock of 2017 MHz and a boost of 2407 MHz, while the RX 5600 OEM runs at 1130 MHz base, 1375 MHz game clock, and 1560 MHz boost. The NVIDIA card's memory runs at 1750 MHz (28 Gbps effective), versus 1500 MHz (12 Gbps effective) on the AMD card. Pixel and texture rates tell the same story: 423.6 GPixel/s and 1,636.8 GTexel/s for NVIDIA, versus 99.84 GPixel/s and 199.7 GTexel/s for AMD.

Head-to-Head Benchmarks

The two Geekbench tests in the head-to-head data are the only direct comparisons available, and both are landslides. In Geekbench OpenCL, the RTX 5090 D scores 310674, which is 397.7 percent higher than the RX 5600 OEM's 62427. That means the NVIDIA card delivers roughly five times the OpenCL compute throughput of the AMD card. For applications that rely on OpenCL for rendering, physics, or general GPU compute, the RTX 5090 D is in a different class entirely.

Geekbench Vulkan shows an even larger relative gap. The RTX 5090 D scores 376915, while the RX 5600 OEM manages 53743. The delta is 601.3 percent, meaning the NVIDIA card is over seven times faster in this Vulkan workload. This test is particularly relevant for modern games and Vulkan-based applications, and the data shows the RX 5600 OEM cannot keep pace in any measurable way.

The broader benchmark set reinforces these results. The RTX 5090 D averages 77712 across all recorded tests, with a PassMark G3D score of 44065 and a PassMark GPU compute score of 28396. The RX 5600 OEM has an average benchmark score of 58085, but its recorded tests only include the two Geekbench entries. Even without additional benchmarks for the AMD card, the head-to-head deltas are enough to establish the performance hierarchy. The RTX 5090 D also has a PassMark DirectX 9 score of 434, DirectX 10 score of 231, DirectX 11 score of 371, and DirectX 12 score of 219, plus a PassMark G2D score of 1487, none of which have direct AMD counterparts in the database.

The Verdict

The RTX 5090 D is the only choice if performance is the primary criterion. Every recorded benchmark shows it ahead, and the margins are so large that the RX 5600 OEM is not a competitor in any compute or modern gaming scenario. The NVIDIA card's 32 GB of GDDR7 memory, 1.79 TB/s bandwidth, and 680 tensor cores make it suitable for the most demanding workloads, including AI inference and high-end content creation.

The RX 5600 OEM is a card for a specific niche: systems where power draw is the limiting factor. Its 125 W TDP and 300 W PSU requirement make it feasible in builds where the RTX 5090 D's 575 W TDP and 950 W PSU recommendation are simply not viable. It also has a 192-bit memory bus and 6 GB of VRAM, which is enough for older games or lighter tasks. Its percentile ranking of 87 versus the RTX 5090 D's 92 shows it is not a weak card in absolute terms; it is just completely outclassed by the flagship.

The data does not support any scenario where the RX 5600 OEM outperforms the RTX 5090 D. The only reason to pick the AMD card is system integration constraints, not performance. For anyone building a new high-end system, the RTX 5090 D is the obvious pick. For anyone upgrading an old office PC or building a low-power media box, the RX 5600 OEM remains a functional option, but it should not be compared to the RTX 5090 D as a peer.

FAQ

Q: Which card has the higher average benchmark score?

A: The RTX 5090 D has an average benchmark score of 77712, while the RX 5600 OEM has an average score of 58085.

Q: How large is the performance gap in Geekbench Vulkan?

A: The RTX 5090 D scores 376915, which is 601.3 percent higher than the RX 5600 OEM's 53743.

Q: What is the memory configuration on each card?

A: The RTX 5090 D has 32 GB of GDDR7 on a 512-bit bus with 1.79 TB/s bandwidth. The RX 5600 OEM has 6 GB of GDDR6 on a 192-bit bus with 288.0 GB/s bandwidth.

Q: Does the RX 5600 OEM support ray tracing cores?

A: No. The RX 5600 OEM has no ray tracing cores or tensor cores, while the RTX 5090 D has 170 ray tracing cores and 680 tensor cores.

Q: Which card has the lower power draw?

A: The RX 5600 OEM has a 125 W TDP and requires a 300 W PSU. The RTX 5090 D has a 575 W TDP and requires a 950 W PSU.

Q: What is the release date difference?

A: The RTX 5090 D was released on 2025-01-29, while the RX 5600 OEM was released on 2020-01-20.

Specification Differences

| Specification | NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5090 D | AMD Radeon RX 5600 OEM |

|----------------|---------------------------|------------------------|

| Architecture | Blackwell 2.0 | RDNA 1.0 |

| Process Node | 5 nm | 7 nm |

| Transistors | 92,200 million | 10,300 million |

| Die Size | 750 mm² | 251 mm² |

| Transistor Density | 122.9M / mm² | 41.0M / mm² |

| Base Clock | 2017 MHz | 1130 MHz |

| Boost Clock | 2407 MHz | 1560 MHz |

| Memory Size | 32 GB | 6 GB |

| Memory Type | GDDR7 | GDDR6 |

| Memory Bus Width | 512 bit | 192 bit |

| Memory Bandwidth | 1.79 TB/s | 288.0 GB/s |

| Shading Units | 21760 | 2048 |

| TMUs | 680 | 128 |

| ROPs | 176 | 64 |

| RT Cores | 170 | None |

| Tensor Cores | 680 | None |

| Pixel Rate | 423.6 GPixel/s | 99.84 GPixel/s |

| Texture Rate | 1,636.8 GTexel/s | 199.7 GTexel/s |

| FP32 | 104.8 TFLOPS | 6.390 TFLOPS |

| FP16 | 104.8 TFLOPS (1:1) | 12.78 TFLOPS (2:1) |

| TDP | 575 W | 125 W |

| Power Connectors | 1x 16-pin | 1x 8-pin |

| Suggested PSU | 950 W | 300 W |

| Bus Interface | PCIe 5.0 x16 | PCIe 4.0 x16 |

| DirectX Support | 12 Ultimate (12_2) | 12 (12_1) |

| Display Outputs | 1x HDMI 2.1b, 3x DisplayPort 2.1b | 1x HDMI 2.0b, 3x DisplayPort 1.4a |

| Release Date | 2025-01-29 | 2020-01-20 |

| Production Status | Active | End-of-life |