AMD Radeon Pro 580X vs NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4070 SUPER Comparison

The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4070 SUPER and AMD Radeon Pro 580X occupy very different positions in the GPU landscape, despite both sitting at the 84th percentile among all GPUs. The RTX 4070 SUPER, built on TSMC's 5 nm process with Ada Lovelace architecture, delivers an average benchmark score of 42,576, while the Radeon Pro 580X, a 14 nm GCN 4.0 part for Apple MPX systems, averages 41,991. The data shows a 1.4% advantage for the NVIDIA card in overall average score, but the two shared benchmark results reveal a far wider gulf in raw compute performance.

Where Each One Wins

In the only two benchmarks where both GPUs have results, the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4070 SUPER wins decisively. In Geekbench OpenCL, the RTX 4070 SUPER scores 192,684 against the Radeon Pro 580X's 36,199, a 432.3% lead. In Geekbench Vulkan, the RTX 4070 SUPER scores 179,271 versus 39,693, a 351.6% advantage. These are not marginal wins; the NVIDIA card is over four times faster in OpenCL and over three and a half times faster in Vulkan. No benchmark shows the Radeon Pro 580X ahead of the RTX 4070 SUPER.

The Radeon Pro 580X does have one exclusive result: a Geekbench Metal score of 50,082. The RTX 4070 SUPER has no Metal benchmark in the data, so no direct comparison exists for Apple's Metal API. However, the absence of a Metal score for the NVIDIA card means the Radeon Pro 580X's Metal performance cannot be contextualized against it. The RTX 4070 SUPER also has a suite of additional benchmarks—3DMark Steel Nomad DX12 (4,627), PassMark G3D (29,995), PassMark GPU Compute (17,108), and several DirectX legacy tests—none of which have corresponding results for the Radeon Pro 580X. Thus, in every shared workload, the NVIDIA card wins outright, while the Radeon Pro 580X only appears in tests the RTX 4070 SUPER does not take.

Architecture Differences

The two GPUs are built on fundamentally different architectures. The RTX 4070 SUPER uses the AD104 chip on NVIDIA's Ada Lovelace architecture, fabricated on a 5 nm process at TSMC. It contains 35,800 million transistors on a 294 mm² die, yielding a transistor density of 121.8 million per mm². The Radeon Pro 580X uses the Ellesmere chip with AMD's GCN 4.0 architecture, made on a 14 nm process at GlobalFoundries, with 5,700 million transistors on a 232 mm² die—a density of 24.6 million per mm². The process node difference alone explains much of the performance gap.

Memory configurations diverge sharply. The RTX 4070 SUPER has 12 GB of GDDR6X on a 192-bit bus, delivering 504.2 GB/s of bandwidth. The Radeon Pro 580X has 8 GB of GDDR5 on a wider 256-bit bus, but only 218.9 GB/s. Clock speeds also differ: the RTX 4070 SUPER runs at a base of 1980 MHz and boost of 2475 MHz, while the Radeon Pro 580X operates at 1100 MHz base and 1200 MHz boost. Memory clocks are 1313 MHz (21 Gbps effective) for the NVIDIA card versus 1710 MHz (6.8 Gbps effective) for the AMD part.

Compute resources are vastly different. The RTX 4070 SUPER has 7,168 shading units, 224 TMUs, 80 ROPs, 56 RT cores, and 224 tensor cores. The Radeon Pro 580X has 2,304 shading units, 144 TMUs, and 32 ROPs, with no RT cores or tensor cores. Pixel rates are 198.0 GPixel/s versus 38.40 GPixel/s, and texture rates are 554.4 GTexel/s versus 172.8 GTexel/s. FP32 throughput is 35.48 TFLOPS for the RTX 4070 SUPER and 5.530 TFLOPS for the Radeon Pro 580X; both have 1:1 FP16 ratios.

Power and physical characteristics also differ. The RTX 4070 SUPER has a TDP of 220 W, is dual-slot, uses a 1x 16-pin power connector, and requires a 550 W PSU. The Radeon Pro 580X has a TDP of 185 W, is listed as an IGP (integrated graphics processor) with an Apple MPX bus interface, and has no power connector or suggested PSU specified. Display outputs: the RTX 4070 SUPER offers 1x HDMI 2.1 and 3x DisplayPort 1.4a, while the Radeon Pro 580X has 2x HDMI 2.0b. API support: the RTX 4070 SUPER supports DirectX 12 Ultimate (12_2), OpenGL 4.6, and Vulkan 1.4; the Radeon Pro 580X supports DirectX 12 (12_0), OpenGL 4.6, and Vulkan 1.3.

Dimensions are only provided for the RTX 4070 SUPER: 267 mm length (10.5 inches), 112 mm height (4.4 inches), and 42 mm width (1.7 inches). The Radeon Pro 580X has no listed dimensions. Release dates: the RTX 4070 SUPER launched on 2024-01-07, while the Radeon Pro 580X launched on 2019-03-17. Both are end-of-life. The RTX 4070 SUPER has a predecessor (GeForce 30) and successor (GeForce 50); the Radeon Pro 580X has neither.

The Verdict

The data is unambiguous. In every benchmark where both GPUs produce a score, the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4070 SUPER is overwhelmingly faster. The 432.3% OpenCL and 351.6% Vulkan deltas are not incremental improvements; they represent a completely different performance class. The RTX 4070 SUPER also offers features the Radeon Pro 580X lacks entirely—RT cores for ray tracing, tensor cores for AI workloads, and a modern DirectX 12 Ultimate feature set. Its memory bandwidth is more than double, and its FP32 compute is over six times higher.

The Radeon Pro 580X's only unique asset is a Geekbench Metal score, which cannot be compared because the RTX 4070 SUPER has no Metal result. For users locked into Apple MPX systems that require Metal, the Radeon Pro 580X remains a functional option, but the data offers no evidence that it can match the RTX 4070 SUPER in any shared workload. The average score difference of 1.4% is misleading because it aggregates many non-overlapping tests; the head-to-head results show a far larger real-world gap. Given that both cards are end-of-life, the RTX 4070 SUPER is the superior choice for any application that uses OpenCL, Vulkan, or the other tested APIs, while the Radeon Pro 580X is only relevant in the narrow context of Mac-specific Metal environments.

FAQ

Q: Which GPU has higher FP32 performance?

A: The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4070 SUPER delivers 35.48 TFLOPS, while the AMD Radeon Pro 580X delivers 5.530 TFLOPS.

Q: Does the Radeon Pro 580X support ray tracing?

A: No. The Radeon Pro 580X has no RT cores, whereas the RTX 4070 SUPER includes 56 RT cores.

Q: What is the memory bandwidth difference?

A: The RTX 4070 SUPER has 504.2 GB/s bandwidth, while the Radeon Pro 580X has 218.9 GB/s.

Q: Which GPU has a higher transistor density?

A: The RTX 4070 SUPER has 121.8 million transistors per mm², compared to 24.6 million per mm² for the Radeon Pro 580X.

Q: Are both GPUs in the same performance percentile?

A: Yes, both are in the 84th percentile among all GPUs, but the RTX 4070 SUPER has a higher average benchmark score (42,576 vs 41,991).

Q: What is the DirectX version support?

A: The RTX 4070 SUPER supports DirectX 12 Ultimate (12_2), while the Radeon Pro 580X supports DirectX 12 (12_0).

Head-to-Head Benchmarks

The only two direct comparisons in the data are Geekbench OpenCL and Geekbench Vulkan. In OpenCL, the RTX 4070 SUPER scores 192,684 against the Radeon Pro 580X's 36,199—a delta of 432.3%. In Vulkan, the RTX 4070 SUPER scores 179,271 versus 39,693—a delta of 351.6%. These results show that the NVIDIA card is not merely faster; it is in a different league. The Radeon Pro 580X's scores are roughly one-fifth to one-quarter of the RTX 4070 SUPER's, depending on the API. The RTX 4070 SUPER also has additional benchmarks that the Radeon Pro 580X lacks, such as 3DMark Steel Nomad DX12 (4,627), PassMark G3D (29,995), and PassMark GPU Compute (17,108). While those cannot be compared directly, they reinforce the RTX 4070 SUPER's overall performance profile. The Radeon Pro 580X's only exclusive result is Geekbench Metal (50,082), which has no counterpart for the RTX 4070 SUPER, so it cannot be used to claim any advantage.

Specification Differences

The following specifications differ between the two GPUs:

• Manufacturer: NVIDIA vs AMD
• Chip: AD104 vs Ellesmere
• Architecture: Ada Lovelace vs GCN 4.0
• Generation: GeForce 40 vs Radeon Pro Mac (500X Series)
• Process node: 5 nm vs 14 nm
• Foundry: TSMC vs GlobalFoundries
• Transistors: 35,800 million vs 5,700 million
• Die size: 294 mm² vs 232 mm²
• Transistor density: 121.8M / mm² vs 24.6M / mm²
• Base clock: 1980 MHz vs 1100 MHz
• Boost clock: 2475 MHz vs 1200 MHz
• Memory clock: 1313 MHz (21 Gbps effective) vs 1710 MHz (6.8 Gbps effective)
• Memory size: 12 GB vs 8 GB
• Memory type: GDDR6X vs GDDR5
• Memory bus width: 192 bit vs 256 bit
• Memory bandwidth: 504.2 GB/s vs 218.9 GB/s
• Shading units: 7168 vs 2304
• TMUs: 224 vs 144
• ROPs: 80 vs 32
• RT cores: 56 vs none
• Tensor cores: 224 vs none
• Pixel rate: 198.0 GPixel/s vs 38.40 GPixel/s
• Texture rate: 554.4 GTexel/s vs 172.8 GTexel/s
• FP32: 35.48 TFLOPS vs 5.530 TFLOPS
• FP16: 35.48 TFLOPS (1:1) vs 5.530 TFLOPS (1:1)
• TDP: 220 W vs 185 W
• Slot width: Dual-slot vs IGP
• Power connectors: 1x 16-pin vs none
• Suggested PSU: 550 W vs none
• Bus interface: PCIe 4.0 x16 vs Apple MPX
• Display outputs: 1x HDMI 2.1, 3x DisplayPort 1.4a vs 2x HDMI 2.0b
• DirectX: 12 Ultimate (12_2) vs 12 (12_0)
• Vulkan: 1.4 vs 1.3
• Dimensions: 267 mm x 112 mm x 42 mm vs not specified
• Release date: 2024-01-07 vs 2019-03-17
• Launch MSRP: 599 USD vs none
• Predecessor: GeForce 30 vs none
• Successor: GeForce 50 vs none

The RTX 4070 SUPER also has a 1x 16-pin power connector and a 550 W suggested PSU, while the Radeon Pro 580X has no power connector or PSU specification. The Radeon Pro 580X uses an Apple MPX bus interface, whereas the RTX 4070 SUPER uses PCIe 4.0 x16. These differences underscore that the two cards target entirely different platforms and use cases, with the RTX 4070 SUPER being a modern, high-performance discrete GPU and the Radeon Pro 580X an older, integrated-style solution for Apple systems.