AMD Radeon Pro 580X vs AMD Radeon RX Vega 64 Comparison

Head-to-Head Benchmarks

The recorded head-to-head data shows a decisive sweep in favor of the AMD Radeon RX Vega 64 across all three shared benchmark tests. The largest gap appears in the Geekbench Metal test, where the RX Vega 64 scores 68,750 against the Radeon Pro 580X's 39,577, a delta of 73.7%. This is the most pronounced advantage in any single workload category, indicating a massive lead in Apple's Metal API performance.

In Geekbench OpenCL, the RX Vega 64 posts 62,552 points, while the Radeon Pro 580X manages 36,426 points. That represents a 71.7% advantage for the RX Vega 64, nearly matching the Metal delta. The Vulkan test shows a slightly narrower but still substantial margin, with the RX Vega 64 at 67,032 and the Radeon Pro 580X at 40,115, a 67.1% lead. The pattern is consistent: the RX Vega 64 outperforms the Radeon Pro 580X by roughly two-thirds or more in every API-level benchmark recorded.

The average benchmark score reinforces this hierarchy. The RX Vega 64 averages 50,001 points across all recorded tests, while the Radeon Pro 580X averages 38,706 points. That places the RX Vega 64 in the 86th percentile of all GPUs, compared to the 82nd percentile for the Radeon Pro 580X. While both cards sit above the median, the RX Vega 64's percentile ranking is meaningfully higher, and its average score is about 29.2% above the Pro 580X's average.

Looking at the nearest rivals in the database, the RX Vega 64 sits within a tight cluster. The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Ti averages 49,957 points, which is just 0.1% lower than the RX Vega 64. The Intel Arc A550M is 0.5% behind, and the AMD Radeon RX 6900 XT is 1.9% ahead. The AMD Radeon RX 6800 XT trails by 3.1%. This means the RX Vega 64, despite its age, competes directly with much newer hardware in aggregate scoring.

The Radeon Pro 580X's nearest rivals show a different picture. The NVIDIA GeForce MX570 A averages 38,691 points, essentially identical with a 0% delta. The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5080 Mobile is 0.9% higher, and the NVIDIA GeForce MX570 is 1.1% higher. The AMD Radeon Pro 575X is 1% ahead. The Pro 580X is therefore not an outlier; it sits squarely in the middle of a group of mobile and workstation-class GPUs with similar aggregate performance.

Architecture Differences

The two cards come from different generations of AMD's Graphics Core Next architecture. The RX Vega 64 uses GCN 5.0, built on the Vega 10 chip, while the Radeon Pro 580X uses GCN 4.0, based on the Ellesmere chip. Both are manufactured on a 14 nm process at GlobalFoundries, but the transistor counts diverge sharply. The RX Vega 64 packs 12,500 million transistors into a 495 mm² die, yielding a density of 25.3 million transistors per square millimeter. The Radeon Pro 580X has 5,700 million transistors on a 232 mm² die, with a density of 24.6 million per square millimeter.

The compute resources scale accordingly. The RX Vega 64 features 4,096 shading units, 256 texture mapping units, and 64 render output units. The Radeon Pro 580X has 2,304 shading units, 144 TMUs, and 32 ROPs. That is a 77.8% advantage in shading units, a 77.8% advantage in TMUs, and a 100% advantage in ROPs for the RX Vega 64. These differences translate directly into fill-rate and texture-rate figures: the RX Vega 64 achieves 98.94 GPixel/s pixel rate and 395.8 GTexel/s texture rate, versus 38.40 GPixel/s and 172.8 GTexel/s for the Pro 580X.

Memory architecture also differs fundamentally. The RX Vega 64 uses 8 GB of HBM2 on a 2048-bit bus, delivering 483.8 GB/s of bandwidth. The Radeon Pro 580X uses 8 GB of GDDR5 on a 256-bit bus, with 218.9 GB/s of bandwidth. The RX Vega 64 has more than double the memory bandwidth, which is critical for high-resolution textures and compute workloads. The memory clocks differ as well, with the RX Vega 64 running at 945 MHz (1890 Mbps effective) and the Pro 580X at 1710 MHz (6.8 Gbps effective). The GDDR5 clock is higher, but the narrower bus limits aggregate bandwidth.

Clock speeds show a more modest gap. The RX Vega 64 has a base clock of 1247 MHz and a boost clock of 1546 MHz. The Radeon Pro 580X has a base clock of 1100 MHz and a boost clock of 1200 MHz. The RX Vega 64's boost clock is 28.8% higher, which compounds with the larger shader array to produce a 12.66 TFLOPS FP32 result against the Pro 580X's 5.530 TFLOPS. The FP16 figures illustrate a key architectural split: the RX Vega 64 delivers 25.33 TFLOPS at a 2:1 ratio, while the Pro 580X delivers 5.530 TFLOPS at a 1:1 ratio. The RX Vega 64 has dedicated FP16 throughput, whereas the Pro 580X does not.

The power envelopes differ substantially. The RX Vega 64 has a TDP of 295 W and requires two 8-pin power connectors with a suggested 600 W power supply. The Radeon Pro 580X has a TDP of 185 W, no external power connectors, and no suggested PSU rating, as it is designed as an integrated graphics processor for Apple's MPX module. The slot width reflects this: the RX Vega 64 is a dual-slot card measuring 280 mm in length, while the Pro 580X is listed as an IGP with no published dimensions.

API support is similar but not identical. Both support OpenGL 4.6 and Vulkan 1.3. The RX Vega 64 supports DirectX 12 (12_1), while the Radeon Pro 580X supports DirectX 12 (12_0). The display outputs also differ: the RX Vega 64 offers 1x HDMI 2.0b and 3x DisplayPort 1.4a, while the Pro 580X has 2x HDMI 2.0b only.

Where Each One Wins

The RX Vega 64 wins every recorded benchmark category, so the analysis centers on how large each margin is and what that implies. In Geekbench Metal, the 73.7% lead indicates that the RX Vega 64 is far better suited for macOS applications that leverage Metal for GPU compute. This includes video editing, 3D rendering, and machine learning tasks within Apple's ecosystem. The Pro 580X's 39,577 Metal score is not negligible, but it is firmly in a lower performance tier.

In Geekbench OpenCL, the 71.7% lead suggests the RX Vega 64 dominates cross-platform compute workloads. OpenCL is used in scientific simulation, image processing, and crypto-adjacent tasks, and the RX Vega 64's higher shader count and memory bandwidth give it a clear edge. The Pro 580X's 36,426 score places it below the RX Vega 64's 62,552 by a wide margin, making the Pro 580X a poor choice for heavy OpenCL offload.

The Vulkan test shows a 67.1% lead, which is the smallest of the three but still overwhelming. Vulkan is increasingly used in game engines and real-time graphics, and the RX Vega 64's 67,032 score versus the Pro 580X's 40,115 indicates that the RX Vega 64 can handle modern Vulkan titles at higher settings or frame rates. The Pro 580X remains usable for lighter Vulkan workloads, but it would struggle with demanding titles.

Based on these results, the RX Vega 64 is the clear winner for gaming, demanding compute, and any workload that benefits from high memory bandwidth or FP16 throughput. The Radeon Pro 580X, by contrast, is a lower-power option that wins in scenarios where power draw and physical size matter more than raw performance. Its 185 W TDP and IGP form factor make it suitable for compact, integrated systems where the RX Vega 64's 295 W TDP and dual-slot footprint would be impractical.

The Pro 580X also has a specific niche: Apple MPX bus interface, which means it is designed for Mac Pro systems. The RX Vega 64 uses PCIe 3.0 x16, which is a standard interface. The Pro 580X's 2x HDMI 2.0b outputs might be sufficient for multi-display setups in a professional Mac environment, whereas the RX Vega 64's mix of HDMI and DisplayPort offers more flexibility for general use.

The Verdict

The benchmark data is unambiguous. The AMD Radeon RX Vega 64 outperforms the AMD Radeon Pro 580X in every recorded test, with margins ranging from 67.1% to 73.7%. The RX Vega 64's average score of 50,001 places it in the 86th percentile, while the Pro 580X's 38,706 places it in the 82nd percentile. Anyone choosing between these two strictly on performance should select the RX Vega 64.

The RX Vega 64 is the appropriate choice for users who need maximum compute throughput, whether for gaming, rendering, or general-purpose GPU workloads. Its 12.66 TFLOPS FP32 and 25.33 TFLOPS FP16 performance, combined with 483.8 GB/s of memory bandwidth, make it a formidable card for its era. The nearest rival data shows it trading blows with the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Ti (0.1% difference) and the AMD Radeon RX 6900 XT (1.9% difference), which puts it in exceptional company.

The Radeon Pro 580X is the appropriate choice for users who require a lower-power, integrated GPU solution within Apple's MPX ecosystem. Its 185 W TDP and lack of external power connectors make it suitable for systems where the RX Vega 64's 295 W TDP and dual-slot design would not fit. The Pro 580X's 5.530 TFLOPS FP32 is sufficient for professional applications that do not demand extreme performance, and its 218.9 GB/s bandwidth is adequate for moderate textures and compute loads.

The production status and release dates confirm the generational gap. The RX Vega 64 was released on 2017-08-06 and is end-of-life, with its predecessor being Polaris and its successor being Navi. The Radeon Pro 580X was released on 2019-03-17 and is also end-of-life, with no listed predecessor or successor. Both cards are obsolete by current standards, but the RX Vega 64 remains the stronger performer in the database's measurements.

The launch MSRP for the RX Vega 64 was 499 USD. The Radeon Pro 580X has no recorded launch MSRP in the database.

FAQ

Q: Which GPU has the higher average benchmark score?

A: The AMD Radeon RX Vega 64 has an average benchmark score of 50,001, while the AMD Radeon Pro 580X averages 38,706.

Q: What is the largest performance gap between the two cards?

A: The largest gap is in Geekbench Metal, where the RX Vega 64 scores 68,750 versus the Pro 580X's 39,577, a 73.7% difference.

Q: How does the RX Vega 64 compare to its nearest rival, the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Ti?

A: The RX Vega 64's average score of 50,001 is 0.1% higher than the RTX 5070 Ti's 49,957.

Q: What is the memory bandwidth difference?

A: The RX Vega 64 has 483.8 GB/s of bandwidth from 8 GB of HBM2 on a 2048-bit bus, while the Pro 580X has 218.9 GB/s from 8 GB of GDDR5 on a 256-bit bus.

Q: Does the Radeon Pro 580X support FP16 at the same rate as FP32?

A: Yes, the Pro 580X has a 1:1 FP16 to FP32 ratio, both at 5.530 TFLOPS, whereas the RX Vega 64 has a 2:1 ratio with 25.33 TFLOPS FP16.

Q: Which card has a higher percentile ranking among all GPUs?

A: The RX Vega 64 is in the 86th percentile, while the Radeon Pro 580X is in the 82nd percentile.