AMD Radeon Pro 580 vs NVIDIA T600 Mobile Comparison

FAQ

Q: How do the two GPUs compare in overall benchmark scores?

A: The AMD Radeon Pro 580 has an average benchmark score of 40,318 across all tests, while the NVIDIA T600 Mobile averages 32,849. This places the AMD part at the 82nd percentile among all GPUs in the database, while the NVIDIA chip sits at the 77th percentile.

Q: Which GPU wins in Vulkan performance, and by how much?

A: The AMD Radeon Pro 580 wins the Geekbench Vulkan test with a score of 43,285 against the NVIDIA T600 Mobile's 30,211. That is a 43.3% advantage for the AMD part, making it the largest single-test margin between the two.

Q: What about OpenCL performance? Is it a closer contest?

A: Yes, the OpenCL gap is much narrower. The AMD Radeon Pro 580 scores 38,457, while the NVIDIA T600 Mobile scores 35,486. The AMD card leads by 8.4%, which is still a clear win but far less decisive than the Vulkan result.

Q: What is the memory configuration difference between the two?

A: The AMD Radeon Pro 580 comes with 8 GB of GDDR5 memory on a 256-bit bus, providing 217.0 GB/s of bandwidth. The NVIDIA T600 Mobile has 4 GB of GDDR6 memory on a 128-bit bus, delivering 192.0 GB/s. The AMD card offers double the capacity and higher bandwidth.

Q: Which GPU has a higher transistor count and larger die?

A: The AMD Radeon Pro 580 uses the Ellesmere chip with 5,700 million transistors on a 232 mm² die. The NVIDIA T600 Mobile uses the TU117 chip with 4,700 million transistors on a 200 mm² die. The AMD chip is larger in both transistor count and physical size.

Q: How do the shading unit counts compare?

A: The AMD Radeon Pro 580 has 2,304 shading units, 144 texture mapping units, and 32 ROPs. The NVIDIA T600 Mobile has 896 shading units, 56 TMUs, and 32 ROPs. The AMD card has more than 2.5 times the shading units and more than double the TMUs.

The Verdict

The data points to a straightforward choice for most users. The AMD Radeon Pro 580 wins both recorded head-to-head benchmarks, taking the Geekbench OpenCL test with 38,457 against 35,486 and the Vulkan test with 43,285 against 30,211. Its average score of 40,318 sits 22.7% above the NVIDIA T600 Mobile's 32,849.

For users prioritizing raw compute throughput, the AMD part is the clear pick. Its 5.530 TFLOPS of FP32 performance versus 2.527 TFLOPS on the NVIDIA card means more than double the single-precision compute capability. The 8 GB memory capacity also makes it more suitable for larger datasets or higher-resolution textures.

However, the NVIDIA T600 Mobile has its own territory. Its 40 W TDP versus the AMD card's 185 W makes it dramatically more power-efficient. For mobile workstations where battery life and thermal management are critical, the NVIDIA part is the sensible option. The NVIDIA card also supports DirectX 12_1, while the AMD part only reaches DirectX 12_0, which could matter for certain modern applications.

The pixel rate favors NVIDIA at 45.12 GPixel/s versus 38.40 GPixel/s, indicating the NVIDIA card may handle fill-rate-bound tasks competitively despite its lower overall compute. The NVIDIA part also has a higher boost clock at 1410 MHz versus 1200 MHz.

In short: choose the AMD Radeon Pro 580 for maximum compute and memory capacity, choose the NVIDIA T600 Mobile for efficiency and portability. The AMD card's benchmark lead is substantial, but the power draw difference is equally substantial.

Head-to-Head Benchmarks

The two recorded benchmark comparisons show AMD dominance, but with different margins. In Geekbench OpenCL, the AMD Radeon Pro 580 scores 38,457 against the NVIDIA T600 Mobile's 35,486. The 8.4% delta indicates a modest but consistent advantage. This result aligns with the AMD card's higher shading unit count and FP32 throughput.

The Geekbench Vulkan test tells a different story. The AMD Radeon Pro 580 scores 43,285, while the NVIDIA T600 Mobile manages 30,211. The 43.3% gap is massive and suggests the AMD architecture handles Vulkan workloads particularly well. This is the single biggest win for either card in the comparison.

It is worth noting the NVIDIA T600 Mobile's OpenCL score of 35,486 is respectable in isolation. It sits close to the AMD Radeon Pro 580's OpenCL result, and its average benchmark of 32,849 is within 1.9% of the NVIDIA RTX A500 Mobile's 39,568 score when considering the rival range. But against the AMD part, the NVIDIA card consistently falls behind.

The AMD card's average benchmark score of 40,318 places it between the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 at 40,377 (0.1% higher) and the AMD Radeon Pro WX 7100 at 40,063 (0.6% lower). This puts the Pro 580 in solid company, performing essentially on par with much newer hardware. The NVIDIA T600 Mobile's average of 32,849 sits between the NVIDIA P104-100 at 32,982 (0.4% higher) and the AMD Radeon RX 590 GME at 32,601 (0.8% lower).

Specification Differences

The two GPUs differ across nearly every core specification. The AMD Radeon Pro 580 uses a 14 nm process from GlobalFoundries, while the NVIDIA T600 Mobile uses a 12 nm process from TSMC. The AMD chip has 5,700 million transistors on a 232 mm² die, versus 4,700 million transistors on a 200 mm² die for NVIDIA.

Clock speeds tell a mixed story. The AMD card runs at a 1100 MHz base and 1200 MHz boost. The NVIDIA card has a lower 780 MHz base but a higher 1410 MHz boost. Memory clocks differ significantly: the AMD card uses 1695 MHz memory (6.8 Gbps effective), while the NVIDIA card runs at 1500 MHz (12 Gbps effective).

Memory capacity strongly favors AMD: 8 GB of GDDR5 on a 256-bit bus versus 4 GB of GDDR6 on a 128-bit bus. Bandwidth is 217.0 GB/s for AMD and 192.0 GB/s for NVIDIA. The AMD card's wider bus gives it a bandwidth advantage despite the slower memory type.

Compute resources are heavily skewed toward AMD. The Radeon Pro 580 has 2,304 shading units, 144 TMUs, and 32 ROPs. The T600 Mobile has 896 shading units, 56 TMUs, and 32 ROPs. Pixel rate favors NVIDIA at 45.12 GPixel/s versus 38.40 GPixel/s, but texture rate heavily favors AMD at 172.8 GTexel/s versus 78.96 GTexel/s.

FP32 performance is 5.530 TFLOPS for AMD and 2.527 TFLOPS for NVIDIA. FP16 performance is 5.530 TFLOPS on AMD (1:1 ratio) and 5.053 TFLOPS on NVIDIA (2:1 ratio). Power consumption is dramatically different: 185 W for AMD, 40 W for NVIDIA. Both use PCIe 3.0 x16 interfaces and have no power connectors, as they are integrated into portable devices.

Architecture Differences

The AMD Radeon Pro 580 is built on GCN 4.0 architecture using the Ellesmere chip, belonging to the Radeon Pro Mac (500 Series) generation. The NVIDIA T600 Mobile uses Turing architecture with the TU117 chip, part of the Quadro Turing-M (Tx000) generation. These are fundamentally different design philosophies.

GCN 4.0 is AMD's fourth-generation Graphics Core Next architecture, designed with a focus on compute throughput and asynchronous compute. Turing, NVIDIA's architecture from 2018, introduced dedicated ray tracing and tensor cores in higher-end variants, though the TU117 chip in the T600 Mobile does not include these units. Both cards lack RT cores and tensor cores according to the database.

The process nodes differ: AMD uses 14 nm at GlobalFoundries, while NVIDIA uses 12 nm at TSMC. The transistor densities are similar at 24.6 million transistors per mm² for AMD and 23.5 million per mm² for NVIDIA, but the AMD chip is physically larger.

API support shows a split. Both support OpenGL 4.6, but the AMD card supports DirectX 12_0 and Vulkan 1.3, while the NVIDIA card supports DirectX 12_1 and Vulkan 1.4. The NVIDIA part has a newer Vulkan version and slightly newer DirectX feature level.

The NVIDIA T600 Mobile has a predecessor listed as Quadro Pascal-M and a successor listed as Ampere-MW, indicating its position in a clear product lineage. The AMD Radeon Pro 580 has no predecessor or successor listed in the database. The NVIDIA card was released in April 2021, while the AMD card came out in June 2017, making the AMD part nearly four years older at launch time.

Where Each One Wins

The AMD Radeon Pro 580 wins in raw compute scenarios. Its 5.530 TFLOPS FP32 performance and 172.8 GTexel/s texture rate make it suitable for heavy GPU compute workloads, 3D rendering, and simulation tasks. The 8 GB memory capacity allows handling larger models and datasets without hitting memory limits. The Vulkan score of 43,285 indicates strong performance in Vulkan-based applications, a 43.3% advantage over the NVIDIA card.

The NVIDIA T600 Mobile wins in efficiency-constrained environments. Its 40 W TDP is less than a quarter of the AMD card's 185 W, making it viable for thin-and-light mobile workstations where cooling and battery life are paramount. The higher boost clock of 1410 MHz and superior pixel rate of 45.12 GPixel/s suggest it can hold its own in fill-rate-bound tasks. The DirectX 12_1 support and Vulkan 1.4 compatibility give it a slight edge in API currency.

For someone running OpenCL workloads, the AMD card's 8.4% lead is meaningful but not overwhelming. For Vulkan workloads, the AMD card is decisively better. For users who need maximum compute density per watt, the NVIDIA card is the only logical choice given the data.

The release dates also matter: the AMD card launched in June 2017 and is end-of-life, while the NVIDIA card launched in April 2021 and is also end-of-life. Neither is a current-generation product, but the NVIDIA card's newer launch date means it may have better driver support in newer operating systems. The AMD card's higher percentile ranking (82nd versus 77th) indicates it performs better relative to the broader GPU landscape despite its age.