AMD Radeon Pro 5300 vs NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 Mobile Comparison

# NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 Mobile vs AMD Radeon Pro 5300

The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 Mobile and AMD Radeon Pro 5300 occupy vastly different tiers of the mobile GPU market, separated by roughly two and a half years of release timing and three generations of architectural evolution. The RTX 4090 Mobile posts an average benchmark score of 43,667 across all tests, placing it in the 84th percentile of all GPUs, while the Radeon Pro 5300 achieves 40,870 on average, ranking in the 82nd percentile. Despite the close percentile rankings, head-to-head benchmark data shows the NVIDIA part winning decisively: 366.7% ahead in Geekbench OpenCL and 377.1% ahead in Geekbench Vulkan. These are not competing products in any practical sense—the RTX 4090 Mobile is a flagship-class mobile part, whereas the Radeon Pro 5300 is an entry-level professional mobile solution.

FAQ

Q: Which GPU has higher raw compute performance?

A: The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 Mobile delivers 32.98 TFLOPS of FP32 compute, versus 4.224 TFLOPS for the AMD Radeon Pro 5300—a 7.8× difference in favor of the NVIDIA part.

Q: What is the memory capacity difference?

A: The RTX 4090 Mobile ships with 16 GB of GDDR6 memory on a 256-bit bus, while the Radeon Pro 5300 has 4 GB of GDDR6 on a 128-bit bus. Memory bandwidth is 576.0 GB/s for NVIDIA versus 224.0 GB/s for AMD.

Q: How do the two compare in Geekbench Vulkan?

A: The RTX 4090 Mobile scores 170,774 in Geekbench Vulkan, which is 377.1% higher than the Radeon Pro 5300's 35,793. This is the largest performance gap observed in any shared benchmark.

Q: Which GPU supports hardware ray tracing?

A: Only the RTX 4090 Mobile includes dedicated RT cores (76 of them). The Radeon Pro 5300 has no RT cores listed, and its DirectX support is capped at 12 (12_1) compared to the RTX 4090's 12 Ultimate (12_2).

Q: What is the production status of each product?

A: The RTX 4090 Mobile is listed as Active production, released January 2023. The Radeon Pro 5300 is End-of-life, released August 2020.

Q: Which GPU has a higher transistor density?

A: The RTX 4090 Mobile packs 121.1 million transistors per mm² on a 5 nm TSMC process, compared to 40.5 million per mm² for the Radeon Pro 5300 on TSMC's 7 nm node.

Architecture Differences

The architectural divide between these two GPUs is fundamental. The RTX 4090 Mobile uses NVIDIA's Ada Lovelace architecture on the AD103 chip, fabricated on TSMC's 5 nm process. It integrates 45,900 million transistors across a 379 mm² die, achieving a transistor density of 121.1 million per mm². The Radeon Pro 5300, by contrast, uses AMD's RDNA 1.0 architecture on the Navi 14 chip, built on TSMC's 7 nm process with 6,400 million transistors on a 158 mm² die—a density of 40.5 million per mm².

The compute resource allocation differs dramatically. The RTX 4090 Mobile fields 9,728 shading units, 304 texture mapping units, and 112 ROPs. It also includes 76 dedicated RT cores and 304 tensor cores, enabling hardware-accelerated ray tracing and AI-accelerated workloads. The Radeon Pro 5300 has 1,280 shading units, 80 TMUs, and 32 ROPs, with no RT or tensor cores listed. This means the AMD part relies entirely on traditional shader-based rendering without dedicated acceleration for ray tracing or tensor operations.

Memory architecture also diverges sharply. The RTX 4090 Mobile uses a 256-bit memory bus with 16 GB of GDDR6 running at an effective 18 Gbps, yielding 576.0 GB/s of bandwidth. The Radeon Pro 5300 has a 128-bit bus with 4 GB of GDDR6 at 14 Gbps effective, providing 224.0 GB/s. The NVIDIA part's memory clock is 2250 MHz versus 1750 MHz for AMD.

The FP16 capabilities reveal different design philosophies. The RTX 4090 Mobile achieves 32.98 TFLOPS FP16 at a 1:1 ratio with FP32, indicating uniform throughput. The Radeon Pro 5300 delivers 8.448 TFLOPS FP16 at a 2:1 ratio, meaning it processes half-precision at twice the FP32 rate—a configuration suited to compute workloads that can leverage reduced precision.

Power envelopes and interfaces also differ: the RTX 4090 Mobile has a 120 W TDP with a PCIe 4.0 x16 interface, while the Radeon Pro 5300 draws 85 W and uses PCIe 4.0 x8. The AMD part lists a 250 W suggested PSU, whereas the NVIDIA part provides no PSU recommendation. Both use integrated graphics packaging (IGP) with no power connectors, and both are portable-device dependent for display outputs—the AMD part explicitly lists "No outputs."

Head-to-Head Benchmarks

The shared benchmark suite between these two GPUs covers only two tests, but the results are unambiguous. In Geekbench OpenCL, the RTX 4090 Mobile scores 180,831 against the Radeon Pro 5300's 38,747—a delta of 366.7% in favor of NVIDIA. This massive margin reflects not just the 7.8× FP32 compute advantage but also the 2.6× memory bandwidth lead and the larger memory pool that reduces pressure on bandwidth-limited workloads.

Geekbench Vulkan shows an even wider gap. The RTX 4090 Mobile achieves 170,774, while the Radeon Pro 5300 manages 35,793, producing a 377.1% delta. Vulkan's low-level API tends to expose raw hardware capabilities more directly than OpenCL, and the NVIDIA part's superior shading unit count, texture throughput, and bandwidth all contribute to this result. The RTX 4090 Mobile's texture rate of 515.3 GTexel/s versus 132.0 GTexel/s for the AMD part, and pixel rate of 189.8 GPixel/s versus 52.80 GPixel/s, further contextualize these scores.

Notably, the Radeon Pro 5300 has one benchmark the NVIDIA part lacks: Geekbench Metal, where it scores 48,070. This reflects the AMD product's positioning for macOS environments, but no direct comparison is possible since the RTX 4090 Mobile has no Metal score in this dataset. The NVIDIA GPU's other benchmark results—PassMark DirectX 10/11/12/9, G2D, G3D, and GPU Compute—all sit far above anything the Radeon Pro 5300 could produce given its OpenCL and Vulkan numbers, though these tests were not run on the AMD part.

The win tally in head-to-head comparisons is 2–0 for the RTX 4090 Mobile. No benchmark in the shared suite favors the AMD part.

Specification Differences

| Specification | NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 Mobile | AMD Radeon Pro 5300 |

|---|---|---|

| Architecture | Ada Lovelace | RDNA 1.0 |

| Process Node | 5 nm | 7 nm |

| Transistors | 45,900 million | 6,400 million |

| Die Size | 379 mm² | 158 mm² |

| Transistor Density | 121.1M / mm² | 40.5M / mm² |

| Base Clock | 1335 MHz | 1000 MHz |

| Boost Clock | 1695 MHz | 1650 MHz |

| Memory Clock | 2250 MHz (18 Gbps effective) | 1750 MHz (14 Gbps effective) |

| Memory Size | 16 GB | 4 GB |

| Memory Bus Width | 256 bit | 128 bit |

| Memory Bandwidth | 576.0 GB/s | 224.0 GB/s |

| Shading Units | 9728 | 1280 |

| TMUs | 304 | 80 |

| ROPs | 112 | 32 |

| RT Cores | 76 | None |

| Tensor Cores | 304 | None |

| Pixel Rate | 189.8 GPixel/s | 52.80 GPixel/s |

| Texture Rate | 515.3 GTexel/s | 132.0 GTexel/s |

| FP32 Performance | 32.98 TFLOPS | 4.224 TFLOPS |

| FP16 Performance | 32.98 TFLOPS (1:1) | 8.448 TFLOPS (2:1) |

| TDP | 120 W | 85 W |

| Bus Interface | PCIe 4.0 x16 | PCIe 4.0 x8 |

| DirectX Support | 12 Ultimate (12_2) | 12 (12_1) |

| Production Status | Active | End-of-life |

| Release Date | 2023-01-02 | 2020-08-03 |

The specification table reveals that the RTX 4090 Mobile outperforms the Radeon Pro 5300 in every measurable compute and memory metric. The only categories where AMD holds any advantage are TDP (85 W vs 120 W) and the suggested PSU (250 W vs none listed). The NVIDIA part also has a smaller process node, higher transistor density, and more recent release date by roughly 2.5 years.

Where Each One Wins

The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 Mobile wins in every shared benchmark and nearly every specification category. Its 366.7% OpenCL lead and 377.1% Vulkan lead make it the clear choice for any workload that uses these APIs, which cover most general-purpose GPU compute and modern graphics rendering. The 16 GB memory capacity and 576.0 GB/s bandwidth enable large dataset processing and high-resolution texture workloads that the 4 GB / 224.0 GB/s configuration of the Radeon Pro 5300 simply cannot accommodate. The dedicated RT cores and tensor cores add capabilities for ray-traced rendering and AI inference that the AMD part lacks entirely.

The Radeon Pro 5300's advantages are narrower but real. Its 85 W TDP is 29% lower than the RTX 4090 Mobile's 120 W, making it more suitable for thermally constrained chassis or battery-conscious workloads. The 2:1 FP16 ratio (8.448 TFLOPS) provides proportionally higher half-precision throughput relative to its FP32 capability than the NVIDIA part's 1:1 ratio, which could benefit specific compute tasks optimized for FP16. The AMD GPU also has a unique Geekbench Metal score of 48,070, indicating functional macOS support—a platform where the RTX 4090 Mobile has no listed benchmark presence. Its end-of-life status and simpler feature set may appeal to deployments requiring long-term stability without driver churn, though this is speculative based on the production status.

For use-case planning: the RTX 4090 Mobile is positioned for high-end gaming, content creation, and professional 3D workloads where maximum performance and memory capacity are paramount. The Radeon Pro 5300 suits lighter professional tasks in Mac environments, particularly where power efficiency and half-precision compute matter more than raw rasterization or ray tracing performance. The 84th percentile ranking of the RTX 4090 Mobile versus the 82nd percentile of the Radeon Pro 5300 suggests that in the broader GPU landscape, both sit above average, but the NVIDIA part does so with substantially more headroom above its nearest rivals—the Quadro M6000 (0.8% delta) and RTX A6000 (-0.9% delta)—compared to the AMD part's tight competition with the RTX 3080 Ti (-0.8% delta) and RTX 5070 (1.2% delta).