AMD Radeon Instinct MI300 vs NVIDIA N1X 48SM Comparison

Head-to-Head Benchmarks

The recorded database contains no direct benchmark scores for either the AMD Radeon Instinct MI300 or the NVIDIA N1X 48SM. Both entries show an average benchmark score of zero and a percentile rank of 50 against all GPUs. With no head-to-head benchmark data, the comparison must rely on architectural specifications and computed throughput rates rather than measured application performance.

The MI300 delivers 47.87 TFLOPS of FP32 compute, which is 66% higher than the N1X 48SM's 28.83 TFLOPS. In FP16 workloads, the gap widens dramatically: the MI300 reaches 383.0 TFLOPS using an 8:1 ratio, while the N1X 48SM provides 28.83 TFLOPS at a 1:1 ratio. That represents a 13.3x advantage for the AMD part in half-precision compute, a critical factor for AI training and inference workloads.

Texture throughput also favors the MI300. The AMD accelerator sustains 1,496.0 GTexel/s versus 900.9 GTexel/s for the NVIDIA chip, a 66% advantage. The MI300 achieves this despite a lower boost clock of 1700 MHz compared to the N1X 48SM's 2346 MHz, indicating the AMD part relies on far wider execution resources rather than raw clock speed.

Pixel throughput tells the opposite story. The N1X 48SM outputs 112.6 GPixel/s, while the MI300 records 0 MPixel/s because it lacks raster operations units entirely. The AMD part is a pure compute accelerator with no display outputs, whereas the NVIDIA chip includes 48 ROPs and a single HDMI output.

Memory bandwidth shows an enormous divergence. The MI300 accesses 128 GB of HBM3 across an 8192-bit bus, yielding 6.55 TB/s. The N1X 48SM also has 128 GB, but uses LPDDR5X on a 256-bit bus, producing 273.2 GB/s. The AMD accelerator offers 24x the memory bandwidth, which directly impacts large-model AI workloads and data-intensive compute tasks.

Clock behavior differs significantly. The MI300 runs at a 1000 MHz base and 1700 MHz boost. The N1X 48SM operates at 741 MHz base and 2346 MHz boost, showing a much wider frequency range and a 38% higher boost ceiling. The NVIDIA part's memory clock is 1067 MHz with 8.5 Gbps effective data rate, while the MI300's memory runs at 1600 MHz with 6.4 Gbps effective, reflecting the different memory technologies.

Architecture Differences

The MI300 uses AMD's CDNA 3.0 architecture on the Aqua Vanjaram chip, fabricated on TSMC's 5 nm process. The die measures 1017 mm² and contains 153,000 million transistors, yielding a density of 150.4M transistors per mm². This is a massive data-center accelerator designed exclusively for compute workloads, evidenced by the absence of ROPs and display outputs.

The N1X 48SM uses NVIDIA's Blackwell 2.0 architecture on the GB20B chip, also fabricated on TSMC's 5 nm process. Its die is 382 mm², which is 62% smaller than the MI300. Transistor count is listed as unknown, and density data is not recorded. The N1X 48SM belongs to the Blackwell IGP generation, indicating an integrated graphics processor rather than a discrete accelerator.

Shading resources differ sharply. The MI300 packs 14,080 shading units and 880 texture mapping units. The N1X 48SM contains 6,144 shading units and 384 TMUs, roughly 44% of the AMD part's shader count. The NVIDIA chip includes 48 ray tracing cores and 192 tensor cores, while the MI300 lists no RT cores and no tensor cores in the database, though its FP16 throughput implies matrix acceleration capabilities.

Memory architecture is fundamentally different. The MI300 uses HBM3 stacked memory with an 8192-bit interface, typical of high-bandwidth accelerators. The N1X 48SM uses LPDDR5X system memory with a 256-bit interface, consistent with an integrated processor sharing memory with the CPU. Both offer 128 GB capacity, but the access paths diverge by an order of magnitude.

Power delivery also separates the two. The MI300 consumes 600 W and requires two 8-pin power connectors with a suggested 1000 W power supply. The N1X 48SM's TDP is unknown, uses no power connectors, and is classified as an IGP, meaning it draws power through the motherboard socket rather than a dedicated PCIe power input.

The MI300 supports PCIe 5.0 x16, as does the N1X 48SM. However, the AMD part has no display outputs, while the NVIDIA chip provides one HDMI port. The MI300 measures 267 mm in length and 111 mm in height, making it a full-length accelerator card. The N1X 48SM reports no physical dimensions, consistent with an integrated chip mounted on a motherboard.

Release timing differs by over three years. The MI300 launched on January 3, 2023, while the N1X 48SM is dated May 31, 2026. The AMD part's predecessor is listed as FirePro Data Center, while the NVIDIA chip has no predecessor recorded. The N1X 48SM has an active production status; the MI300's status is not recorded.

Where Each One Wins

The MI300 dominates compute-heavy workloads that scale with raw throughput. Its 47.87 TFLOPS FP32 and 383.0 TFLOPS FP16 make it suited for HPC simulation, scientific computing, and AI model training where half-precision arithmetic is standard. The 6.55 TB/s memory bandwidth supports massive model weights and large batch processing without memory-bound stalls. The 600 W power envelope and dual 8-pin connectors indicate a dedicated accelerator installed in servers with substantial power delivery.

The N1X 48SM wins in graphics and display-oriented tasks. It provides 112.6 GPixel/s pixel fill rate and 48 ROPs, enabling actual rasterization output. The single HDMI port allows direct display connection, which the MI300 cannot offer. The 2346 MHz boost clock gives the NVIDIA part higher per-core frequency, which benefits latency-sensitive workloads that do not scale perfectly with core count. The 273.2 GB/s memory bandwidth is modest but sufficient for an integrated part sharing system memory.

The N1X 48SM also wins on integration. Its IGP classification, unknown TDP, and lack of power connectors mean it requires no separate power cabling or cooling infrastructure beyond the host system. The 382 mm² die size is far smaller than the MI300's 1017 mm², making the NVIDIA part easier to manufacture and integrate into compact designs. Ray tracing cores and tensor cores provide hardware support for graphics effects and AI inference that the MI300 lacks in the recorded specifications.

The MI300 wins on memory capacity per bandwidth ratio. Both parts have 128 GB, but the AMD accelerator delivers 6.55 TB/s versus 273.2 GB/s, making it vastly superior for memory-intensive workloads like large language model inference and multi-node training. The 8192-bit bus width enables data movement that the 256-bit bus of the N1X 48SM cannot approach.

For FP16 compute, the MI300's 383.0 TFLOPS represents an 8:1 ratio relative to FP32, indicating dedicated half-precision paths. The N1X 48SM's 1:1 ratio suggests it processes FP16 at the same rate as FP32, which is typical for consumer-oriented chips. This makes the AMD part categorically different in AI throughput capability.

FAQ

Q: Which chip has higher FP32 compute performance?

A: The AMD Radeon Instinct MI300 delivers 47.87 TFLOPS, which is 66% higher than the NVIDIA N1X 48SM's 28.83 TFLOPS.

Q: What is the memory bandwidth difference?

A: The MI300 provides 6.55 TB/s through HBM3 on an 8192-bit bus. The N1X 48SM offers 273.2 GB/s via LPDDR5X on a 256-bit bus. The AMD part has roughly 24 times the bandwidth.

Q: Can the NVIDIA N1X 48SM output to a display?

A: Yes, it has one HDMI output and 48 ROPs. The MI300 has no display outputs and zero pixel rate.

Q: How do the boost clocks compare?

A: The N1X 48SM boosts to 2346 MHz, while the MI300 boosts to 1700 MHz. The NVIDIA chip has a 38% higher boost frequency.

Q: What is the physical size difference?

A: The MI300 measures 267 mm in length and 111 mm in height. The N1X 48SM has no recorded dimensions and is classified as an IGP.

Q: Which chip has ray tracing support?

A: The N1X 48SM includes 48 ray tracing cores. The MI300 lists no RT cores in the database.

Specification Differences

| Specification | AMD Radeon Instinct MI300 | NVIDIA N1X 48SM |

|---|---|---|

| Chip | Aqua Vanjaram | GB20B |

| Architecture | CDNA 3.0 | Blackwell 2.0 |

| Generation | Radeon Instinct (MIx) | Blackwell IGP (N1x) |

| Process node | 5 nm | 5 nm |

| Transistors | 153,000 million | unknown |

| Die size | 1017 mm² | 382 mm² |

| Transistor density | 150.4M / mm² | null |

| Base clock | 1000 MHz | 741 MHz |

| Boost clock | 1700 MHz | 2346 MHz |

| Memory clock | 1600 MHz, 6.4 Gbps effective | 1067 MHz, 8.5 Gbps effective |

| Memory type | HBM3 | LPDDR5X |

| Memory bus width | 8192 bit | 256 bit |

| Memory bandwidth | 6.55 TB/s | 273.2 GB/s |

| Shading units | 14080 | 6144 |

| TMUs | 880 | 384 |

| ROPs | 0 | 48 |

| RT cores | null | 48 |

| Tensor cores | null | 192 |

| Pixel rate | 0 MPixel/s | 112.6 GPixel/s |

| Texture rate | 1,496.0 GTexel/s | 900.9 GTexel/s |

| FP32 performance | 47.87 TFLOPS | 28.83 TFLOPS |

| FP16 performance | 383.0 TFLOPS (8:1) | 28.83 TFLOPS (1:1) |

| TDP | 600 W | unknown |

| Slot width | null | IGP |

| Power connectors | 2x 8-pin | None |

| Suggested PSU | 1000 W | null |

| Display outputs | No outputs | 1x HDMI |

| DirectX support | null | N/A |

| OpenGL support | null | N/A |

| Vulkan support | null | N/A |

| Length | 267 mm (10.5 inches) | null |

| Height | 111 mm (4.4 inches) | null |

| Production status | null | Active |

| Release date | 2023-01-03 | 2026-05-31 |

| Predecessor | FirePro Data Center | null |

The two devices occupy different design spaces entirely. The MI300 is a dedicated accelerator with enormous compute, memory bandwidth, and power draw. The N1X 48SM is an integrated processor with graphics output, ray tracing, and modest power requirements. Both share the 5 nm TSMC process, PCIe 5.0 x16 interface, and 128 GB memory capacity, but those similarities end quickly. The MI300's 1017 mm² die contains over 150 billion transistors, while the N1X 48SM's 382 mm² die reports no transistor figure. The AMD part offers 8:1 FP16 throughput, while the NVIDIA part offers 1:1. The MI300 requires a 1000 W PSU, while the N1X 48SM needs no power connectors at all. These are complementary products aimed at different segments, with the MI300 targeting compute density and the N1X 48SM targeting integration efficiency.