AMD Instinct MI308X vs NVIDIA GB10 Comparison

The Verdict

The AMD Instinct MI308X and NVIDIA GB10 serve fundamentally different segments of the accelerator market, and the recorded data makes the separation clear. The MI308X is a massive compute-oriented module built for memory-bandwidth-heavy workloads, while the GB10 is a compact, actively produced server-grade chip with a much lower power envelope. The MI308X holds no benchmark scores in the database, so its performance position must be inferred from its raw specifications, which are overwhelmingly focused on sheer throughput. The GB10, by contrast, has recorded benchmark results and sits at the 95th percentile of all GPUs, with an average benchmark score of 117,393.

For workloads that demand enormous memory capacity and extreme bandwidth, such as large-scale AI inference or scientific simulation with massive datasets, the MI308X is the clear choice based on its 192 GB of HBM3 memory and 5.32 TB/s bandwidth. For tasks that need a balanced, efficient accelerator with actual display output, a 140 W power draw, and active production status, the GB10 is the more practical option. The GB10 also has a launch MSRP of 3,999 USD, whereas the MI308X has no recorded launch price, indicating a different procurement path, likely custom or bulk orders. Builders should pick the MI308X when memory capacity and bandwidth dominate every other consideration, and the GB10 when a self-contained, low-power accelerator with a standard PCIe 5.0 interface and a single HDMI output is required.

Architecture Differences

The two accelerators come from different architectural lineages. The AMD Instinct MI308X uses the CDNA 3.0 architecture with the Aqua Vanjaram chip, while the NVIDIA GB10 uses Blackwell 2.0 with the GB20B chip. Both are fabricated on a 5 nm process at TSMC, but the similarities end there. The MI308X is a massive die measuring 1017 mm² with 153,000 million transistors, giving it a transistor density of 150.4 million per square millimeter. The GB10 is far smaller at 382 mm², and its transistor count is not recorded in the database.

The MI308X belongs to the Instinct (MIx) generation and was released on the 5th of December 2023. The GB10 belongs to the Server Blackwell (Bxx) generation, was released on the 14th of October 2025, and has an active production status. The MI308X has no recorded production status. The MI308X is the successor to the Radeon Instinct line, while the GB10 succeeds Server Hopper and is itself succeeded by Server Rubin.

Memory architecture differs drastically. The MI308X uses 192 GB of HBM3 on an 8192-bit bus, delivering 5.32 TB/s of bandwidth. The GB10 uses 128 GB of LPDDR5X on a 256-bit bus, delivering 273.2 GB/s. This is a 19.5x difference in raw bandwidth, and it defines the character of each chip. The MI308X is built to stream data, while the GB10 is built to compute with a smaller, slower memory pool.

Compute resources also diverge sharply. The MI308X has 19,456 shading units, 1,216 texture mapping units, and zero ROPs. Its pixel rate is recorded as 0 MPixel/s, confirming it has no rasterization pipeline. The GB10 has 6,144 shading units, 384 TMUs, 48 ROPs, 48 ray tracing cores, and 384 tensor cores, with a pixel rate of 116.1 GPixel/s. The MI308X has no ray tracing cores and no tensor cores listed, while the GB10 includes both. The MI308X is purely a compute accelerator, whereas the GB10 retains more conventional GPU features.

Clock speeds also differ. The MI308X has a base clock of 1000 MHz and a boost clock of 2100 MHz, with memory running at 1300 MHz (5.2 Gbps effective). The GB10 has a higher base clock of 1665 MHz and a boost clock of 2418 MHz, with memory at 1067 MHz (8.5 Gbps effective). Despite the GB10's higher clocks, its FP32 throughput is 29.71 TFLOPS, while the MI308X reaches 81.72 TFLOPS, a 2.75x advantage. Both maintain a 1:1 ratio for FP16 versus FP32, so the MI308X also leads in FP16 at 81.72 TFLOPS versus 29.71 TFLOPS.

Power and physical format separate the two even further. The MI308X has a TDP of 750 W and requires a suggested PSU of 1150 W. It uses an OAM Module slot width and has no power connectors listed. The GB10 has a TDP of 140 W, a suggested PSU of 300 W, an IGP slot width, and no power connectors. The MI308X has no dimensions recorded, while the GB10 measures 150 mm by 51 mm by 150 mm (5.9 by 2 by 5.9 inches). The MI308X has no display outputs; the GB10 has one HDMI output. Both use PCIe 5.0 x16 and have no DirectX, OpenGL, or Vulkan API support recorded.

FAQ

Q: Which accelerator has more memory bandwidth?

A: The AMD Instinct MI308X has 5.32 TB/s of bandwidth from its 8192-bit HBM3 bus, versus 273.2 GB/s from the NVIDIA GB10's 256-bit LPDDR5X bus. The MI308X leads by a factor of roughly 19.5x.

Q: Does the NVIDIA GB10 support display output?

A: Yes, the GB10 has one HDMI output. The MI308X has no display outputs at all, confirming its role as a headless compute accelerator.

Q: Which chip has a higher FP32 throughput?

A: The MI308X delivers 81.72 TFLOPS FP32, while the GB10 delivers 29.71 TFLOPS. Both maintain a 1:1 FP16 to FP32 ratio, so the MI308X also leads in FP16 performance.

Q: What is the power requirement difference?

A: The MI308X has a 750 W TDP and a suggested PSU of 1150 W. The GB10 has a 140 W TDP and a suggested PSU of 300 W. The GB10 requires less than one-fifth the power supply capacity.

Q: Does the GB10 have ray tracing capability?

A: Yes, the GB10 includes 48 ray tracing cores and 384 tensor cores. The MI308X has no ray tracing cores and no tensor cores listed in the database.

Q: Which chip has a smaller physical footprint?

A: The GB10 measures 150 mm by 51 mm by 150 mm and uses an IGP slot width. The MI308X uses an OAM Module slot width and has no dimensions recorded. The GB10 is clearly designed for compact integration.

Specification Differences

| Specification | AMD Instinct MI308X | NVIDIA GB10 |

|---|---|---|

| Architecture | CDNA 3.0 | Blackwell 2.0 |

| Chip | Aqua Vanjaram | GB20B |

| Process Node | 5 nm | 5 nm |

| Die Size | 1017 mm² | 382 mm² |

| Transistors | 153,000 million | unknown |

| Transistor Density | 150.4M / mm² | null |

| Base Clock | 1000 MHz | 1665 MHz |

| Boost Clock | 2100 MHz | 2418 MHz |

| Memory Size | 192 GB | 128 GB |

| Memory Type | HBM3 | LPDDR5X |

| Memory Bus Width | 8192 bit | 256 bit |

| Memory Bandwidth | 5.32 TB/s | 273.2 GB/s |

| Shading Units | 19456 | 6144 |

| TMUs | 1216 | 384 |

| ROPs | 0 | 48 |

| RT Cores | null | 48 |

| Tensor Cores | null | 384 |

| Pixel Rate | 0 MPixel/s | 116.1 GPixel/s |

| Texture Rate | 2,553.6 GTexel/s | 928.5 GTexel/s |

| FP32 | 81.72 TFLOPS | 29.71 TFLOPS |

| FP16 | 81.72 TFLOPS (1:1) | 29.71 TFLOPS (1:1) |

| TDP | 750 W | 140 W |

| Slot Width | OAM Module | IGP |

| Suggested PSU | 1150 W | 300 W |

| Display Outputs | No outputs | 1x HDMI |

| Dimensions | null | 150 mm 5.9 inches, 51 mm 2 inches, 150 mm 5.9 inches |

| Production Status | null | Active |

| Release Date | 2023-12-05T17:00:00.000Z | 2025-10-14T17:00:00.000Z |

| Predecessor | Radeon Instinct | Server Hopper |

| Successor | null | Server Rubin |

| Launch MSRP | null | 3,999 USD |

| Percentile vs All GPUs | 50 | 95 |

| Avg Benchmark Score | 0 | 117,393 |

Head-to-Head Benchmarks

The database contains no direct head-to-head benchmark entries between the MI308X and the GB10. The MI308X has no recorded benchmark scores at all, and its wins count is zero. The GB10 has two recorded benchmark results: a Geekbench OpenCL score of 120,137 and a Geekbench Vulkan score of 114,648, giving it an average score of 117,393. The MI308X has an average benchmark score of 0 and sits at the 50th percentile of all GPUs, while the GB10 sits at the 95th percentile.

The GB10's nearest rivals in the database provide context for its measured performance. The NVIDIA RTX 4000 SFF Ada Generation scores 117,088, which is 0.3% behind the GB10. The AMD Radeon PRO W7700 scores 118,976, putting it 1.3% ahead of the GB10. The NVIDIA Tesla V100 SXM2 16 GB scores 114,395, trailing the GB10 by 2.6%. The NVIDIA RTX A5500 Mobile scores 113,944, trailing by 3%. These deltas show the GB10 performing in a tight cluster around the 117,000 to 119,000 mark, with no single rival holding a decisive edge.

For the MI308X, the absence of benchmark data means no direct comparison is possible. Its raw specification advantage in FP32, memory capacity, and bandwidth is substantial, but the database cannot confirm real-world performance. The MI308X's 81.72 TFLOPS FP32 is 2.75x the GB10's 29.71 TFLOPS, and its 5.32 TB/s bandwidth is roughly 19.5x the GB10's 273.2 GB/s. These are the only measurable differences available, and they strongly favor the MI308X in raw compute and memory throughput.

Where Each One Wins

The AMD Instinct MI308X wins decisively in scenarios where memory capacity and bandwidth are the limiting factors. Its 192 GB of HBM3 memory dwarfs the GB10's 128 GB of LPDDR5X, and the 5.32 TB/s bandwidth is in a different class entirely. Workloads that load massive models or datasets into memory, such as large language model inference, high-resolution scientific simulation, or data-intensive AI training, would favor the MI308X on paper. Its 81.72 TFLOPS FP32 and FP16 throughput is also 2.75x higher than the GB10's, so any compute-bound task that does not rely on rasterization or ray tracing would see a theoretical advantage. The MI308X has no ROPs, no ray tracing cores, and no display outputs, so it is strictly a compute and memory engine. Its 750 W TDP and 1150 W suggested PSU indicate a system designed for sustained, high-power operation in a server or rack environment.

The NVIDIA GB10 wins in areas of efficiency, integration, and measured performance. Its 140 W TDP and 300 W suggested PSU make it far easier to deploy in a compact or power-constrained system. It is actively produced, has a known launch MSRP of 3,999 USD, and its dimensions of 150 mm by 51 mm by 150 mm allow it to fit into small form factors. The GB10 includes 48 ROPs, 48 ray tracing cores, 384 tensor cores, and a single HDMI output, so it can handle display tasks and rasterization workloads that the MI308X cannot. Its benchmark results confirm real-world capability: the Geekbench OpenCL score of 120,137 and Vulkan score of 114,648 place it at the 95th percentile of all GPUs, with performance within 1.3% of the AMD Radeon PRO W7700 and 3% ahead of the NVIDIA RTX A5500 Mobile. The GB10 also has a higher base clock of 1665 MHz and boost clock of 2418 MHz, which contributes to its responsiveness in latency-sensitive tasks.

The database shows no wins for either accelerator in direct head-to-head benchmarks, so the split must come from specifications. The MI308X wins on raw compute throughput, memory capacity, and memory bandwidth. The GB10 wins on power efficiency, physical size, production status, benchmark validation, and feature completeness. A builder choosing between the two should weigh whether the workload demands the MI308X's extreme memory resources or whether the GB10's balanced, verified performance and compact design better fits the deployment environment.