Intel HD Graphics P4600 vs NVIDIA RTX 5000 Mobile Ada Generation Comparison

The NVIDIA RTX 5000 Mobile Ada Generation and the Intel HD Graphics P4600 occupy opposite ends of the GPU spectrum, and the benchmark data reflects a decisive, though not uniform, victory for the NVIDIA part. While the RTX 5000 Mobile delivers a massive performance advantage in its tested workload, the Intel HD Graphics P4600 is competitive in its own legacy-oriented benchmark, making the choice between them entirely dependent on the application.

Head-to-Head Benchmarks

The data shows a stark divergence in performance metrics, with each GPU posting a score in a different benchmark suite. The NVIDIA RTX 5000 Mobile Ada Generation was tested in 3dmark_3dmark_steel_nomad_dx12, scoring 3596 points, while the Intel HD Graphics P4600 was evaluated using geekbench_opencl, scoring 3389 points. Direct numerical comparison between these two different test types is not possible, but the placement of each within its own peer group is revealing.

The RTX 5000 Mobile’s score of 3596 places it in the 21st percentile of all GPUs, according to the data. This is a modest standing, indicating that while it is not a top-tier part, it performs at a level consistent with established discrete graphics solutions. Its nearest rival is the NVIDIA GeForce GT 545, which scores 3594, a delta of just 0.1% — essentially a statistical tie. The RTX 5000 Mobile also edges out the NVIDIA GeForce GT 735M (3616, delta -0.6%) and the NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1050 (3629, delta -0.9%), showing it sits in a tight cluster of performance around those parts.

The Intel HD Graphics P4600’s 3389 score in Geekbench OpenCL puts it in the 20th percentile, a similar rank to the NVIDIA part. Its rival comparison tells a different story: it is 1.2% behind the NVIDIA GeForce GT 740 (3431) and 1.3% behind the NVIDIA Quadro 2000M (3434). However, it posts a win over the Intel HD Graphics 530, which scores 3332, giving the P4600 a 1.7% advantage. It also beats the NVIDIA GeForce GT 730M (3316) by 2.2%. This suggests the P4600, despite its age, holds its own against a range of older discrete and integrated parts.

The absence of a direct head-to-head benchmark means there is no single score to declare a winner. The RTX 5000 Mobile’s performance in a modern DirectX 12 workload is categorically different from the P4600’s showing in an OpenCL compute test. The data indicates that in raw, modern graphical workloads, the RTX 5000 Mobile is designed to deliver a playable experience, while the P4600's score reflects its capability as a basic, legacy-oriented solution.

Where Each One Wins

The NVIDIA RTX 5000 Mobile Ada Generation wins in scenarios demanding modern graphics features and high-end compute throughput. Its benchmark in 3dmark_3dmark_steel_nomad_dx12 is a stress test for contemporary game engines, requiring DirectX 12 Ultimate support. The data lists its DirectX version as 12 Ultimate (12_2) and its Vulkan support at 1.4, which are the current standards for gaming and professional visualization. The sheer scale of its resources — 9728 shading units, 304 TMUs, and 112 ROPs — indicates it is built to handle heavy rasterization and pixel workloads, with a pixel rate of 236.9 GPixel/s and a texture rate of 643.0 GTexel/s. This makes it the clear choice for any application that leverages its API support and massive shading array.

The Intel HD Graphics P4600 wins in scenarios where compatibility with older software and minimal power draw are paramount. Its score in geekbench_opencl shows it can perform compute tasks, but its specifications are those of a basic integrated solution. With just 160 shading units, 20 TMUs, and 2 ROPs, it is not designed for demanding 3D rendering. Its pixel rate of 2.400 GPixel/s and texture rate of 24.00 GTexel/s are orders of magnitude lower than the NVIDIA part. It supports DirectX 12 (11_1) and OpenGL 4.3, which are older API versions, suggesting it is best suited for legacy applications or basic desktop use where its 84 W TDP is the only relevant power consideration. For users running older software that does not require modern feature sets, the P4600 is functionally adequate.

Architecture Differences

The two GPUs are built on fundamentally different architectures and manufacturing processes. The NVIDIA RTX 5000 Mobile Ada Generation uses the AD103 chip, based on the Ada Lovelace architecture, and is fabricated by TSMC on a 5 nm process node. This advanced node allows for 45,900 million transistors packed into a 379 mm² die, resulting in a transistor density of 121.1M / mm². This modern architecture includes dedicated hardware for ray tracing and AI, with 76 RT cores and 304 tensor cores, alongside its 9728 shading units.

In contrast, the Intel HD Graphics P4600 uses the Haswell GT2 chip, based on the Generation 7.5 architecture, and is fabricated by Intel on a 22 nm process node. The data does not list transistor count or die size for this part, but the process node is significantly older and less dense. It lacks dedicated RT or tensor cores, and its 160 shading units are a fraction of the NVIDIA part’s count. The P4600’s memory is "System Shared," meaning it relies on main system RAM, while the RTX 5000 Mobile has 16 GB of dedicated GDDR6 memory on a 256-bit bus, providing 576.0 GB/s of bandwidth versus the P4600’s "System Dependent" bandwidth.

The feature set also differs. The RTX 5000 Mobile supports PCIe 4.0 x16, while the P4600 uses a Ring Bus interface. The NVIDIA part supports 12 Ultimate (12_2) DirectX, 4.6 OpenGL, and 1.4 Vulkan, whereas the Intel part supports 12 (11_1) DirectX, 4.3 OpenGL, and 1.0 Vulkan. These differences in architecture, process, and feature support explain the massive disparity in raw compute power, with the RTX 5000 Mobile offering 41.15 TFLOPS of FP32 performance versus the P4600’s 384.0 GFLOPS.

FAQ

Q: Which GPU has a higher FP32 (single-precision) performance?

A: The NVIDIA RTX 5000 Mobile Ada Generation offers 41.15 TFLOPS of FP32 performance, vastly exceeding the Intel HD Graphics P4600's 384.0 GFLOPS.

Q: How does the RTX 5000 Mobile Ada Generation compare to its nearest rival?

A: The RTX 5000 Mobile scores 3596 in 3DMark Steel Nomad DX12, which is 0.1% higher than the NVIDIA GeForce GT 545's score of 3594.

Q: What is the performance percentile of the Intel HD Graphics P4600?

A: The Intel HD Graphics P4600 has an average benchmark score of 3389 and sits in the 20th percentile of all GPUs.

Q: What is the process node for each GPU?

A: The NVIDIA RTX 5000 Mobile Ada Generation is built on a 5 nm process, while the Intel HD Graphics P4600 is built on a 22 nm process.

Q: Does the Intel HD Graphics P4600 have dedicated memory?

A: No, the Intel HD Graphics P4600 uses "System Shared" memory, meaning its memory size, type, and bus width are all listed as "System Shared."

Q: Which GPU has a higher boost clock?

A: The NVIDIA RTX 5000 Mobile Ada Generation has a boost clock of 2115 MHz, while the Intel HD Graphics P4600 has a boost clock of 1200 MHz.

Specification Differences

The following table details the key specifications where the two GPUs differ, based solely on the data provided.

| Specification | NVIDIA RTX 5000 Mobile Ada Generation | Intel HD Graphics P4600 |

| :--- | :--- | :--- |

| Manufacturer | NVIDIA | Intel |

| Chip | AD103 | Haswell GT2 |

| Architecture | Ada Lovelace | Generation 7.5 |

| Process Node | 5 nm | 22 nm |

| Foundry | TSMC | Intel |

| Transistors | 45,900 million | null |

| Die Size | 379 mm² | null |

| Base Clock | 1425 MHz | 350 MHz |

| Boost Clock | 2115 MHz | 1200 MHz |

| Memory Size | 16 GB | System Shared |

| Memory Type | GDDR6 | System Shared |

| Memory Bus Width | 256 bit | System Shared |

| Memory Bandwidth | 576.0 GB/s | System Dependent |

| Shading Units | 9728 | 160 |

| Texture Mapping Units | 304 | 20 |

| Render Output Units | 112 | 2 |

| RT Cores | 76 | null |

| Tensor Cores | 304 | null |

| Pixel Rate | 236.9 GPixel/s | 2.400 GPixel/s |

| Texture Rate | 643.0 GTexel/s | 24.00 GTexel/s |

| FP32 Performance | 41.15 TFLOPS | 384.0 GFLOPS |

| TDP | 120 W | 84 W |

| Bus Interface | PCIe 4.0 x16 | Ring Bus |

| DirectX Version | 12 Ultimate (12_2) | 12 (11_1) |

| OpenGL Version | 4.6 | 4.3 |

| Vulkan Version | 1.4 | 1.0 |

| Production Status | Active | End-of-life |

| Release Date | 2023-03-20 | 2013-05-31 |

The Verdict

The data presents a clear verdict for different user profiles. The NVIDIA RTX 5000 Mobile Ada Generation is the only choice for any application requiring modern graphics processing. Its AD103 chip, Ada Lovelace architecture, and 5 nm process node provide a feature set and performance level that the Intel part cannot match. With 41.15 TFLOPS of FP32 compute, 16 GB of GDDR6 memory, and support for DirectX 12 Ultimate, it is designed for demanding workloads like modern gaming and professional 3D rendering. Its benchmark score of 3596 in 3DMark Steel Nomad places it in the 21st percentile, making it a capable performer among its peers.

The Intel HD Graphics P4600 should be selected only for legacy systems or basic computing tasks where its 84 W TDP and integrated nature are sufficient. Its 22 nm process and Generation 7.5 architecture are outdated, and its 384.0 GFLOPS FP32 performance is a tiny fraction of the NVIDIA part. Its 3389 score in Geekbench OpenCL places it in the 20th percentile, but this is a reflection of its class, not a recommendation. It is an end-of-life product that posts marginal wins over rivals like the Intel HD Graphics 530 (1.7% ahead) but is fundamentally outclassed by the NVIDIA RTX 5000 Mobile Ada Generation in every meaningful metric for modern use. The choice is clear: for any serious GPU workload, the RTX 5000 Mobile is the only viable option.