GPU Comparison

Intel HD Graphics P4600 is an integrated graphics solution from Intel’s Haswell generation, built on a 22 nm process and featuring 160 shading units. NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010 is a discrete Ampere-architecture part from Samsung’s 8 nm node, equipped with 768 shading units, 6 RT cores, and 24 tensor cores. The two GPUs represent fundamentally different design philosophies: one is a legacy IGP with system-shared memory, while the other is a modern low-profile discrete card with dedicated GDDR6. Benchmark data indicates the RTX 4010 holds a significant lead in raw compute throughput, while the P4600’s only recorded score places it in a similar percentile bracket, though the tests differ.

FAQ

Q: How do the two GPUs compare in terms of benchmark scores?

A: The Intel HD Graphics P4600 scored 3389 points in Geekbench OpenCL, while the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010 scored 2893 points in 3DMark Steel Nomad DX12. These are different test suites, so direct comparison is not possible; however, the P4600’s score places it at the 20th percentile of all GPUs, while the RTX 4010 sits at the 18th percentile.

Q: What is the memory configuration difference?

A: The Intel HD Graphics P4600 uses System Shared memory with system-dependent bandwidth, meaning it has no dedicated VRAM. The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010 features 4 GB of GDDR6 memory on a 64-bit bus, delivering 96.00 GB/s of bandwidth.

Q: Which GPU has higher clock speeds?

A: The Intel HD Graphics P4600 has a base clock of 350 MHz and a boost clock of 1200 MHz. The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010 runs at a base clock of 1417 MHz and boosts to 1762 MHz, significantly higher in both metrics.

Q: What are the API support differences?

A: The Intel HD Graphics P4600 supports DirectX 12 (11_1), OpenGL 4.3, and Vulkan 1.0. The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010 supports DirectX 12 Ultimate (12_2), OpenGL 4.6, and Vulkan 1.4, offering more modern and feature-rich API capabilities.

Q: How do the power requirements differ?

A: The Intel HD Graphics P4600 has a TDP of 84 W and is an IGP (integrated graphics processor) with no power connectors. The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010 has a lower TDP of 50 W, is a single-slot card with no power connectors, and has a suggested PSU of 250 W.

Q: What is the production status of each GPU?

A: The Intel HD Graphics P4600 is end-of-life, having been released on 2013-05-31. The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010 is active, with a release date of 2024-04-15, and it lists the GeForce 30 as its predecessor and GeForce 50 as its successor.

Architecture Differences

The Intel HD Graphics P4600 is based on the Haswell GT2 chip, which falls under Intel’s Generation 7.5 architecture. It is manufactured on a 22 nm process at Intel’s own foundry. The GPU integrates 160 shading units, 20 texture mapping units, and only 2 ROPs. Its memory subsystem is entirely system-shared, with no dedicated VRAM, relying on the host system’s RAM for both capacity and bandwidth. The bus interface is a Ring Bus, typical for integrated graphics of that era. The P4600’s pixel rate is 2.400 GPixel/s, and its texture rate is 24.00 GTexel/s, with FP32 performance rated at 384.0 GFLOPS.

The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010 uses the GA107 chip, built on Samsung’s 8 nm process with 8,700 million transistors on a 200 mm² die, giving a transistor density of 43.5M / mm². It belongs to the GeForce 40-series and the Ampere architecture. The GPU packs 768 shading units, 24 TMUs, and 16 ROPs, alongside 6 RT cores and 24 tensor cores, enabling hardware-accelerated ray tracing and AI workloads. Memory is 4 GB of GDDR6 on a 64-bit bus, providing 96.00 GB/s of bandwidth. The RTX 4010’s pixel rate is 28.19 GPixel/s, texture rate is 42.29 GTexel/s, and FP32 performance reaches 2.706 TFLOPS, with FP16 rated at the same 2.706 TFLOPS (1:1). It connects via PCIe 4.0 x8 and outputs through 4x mini-DisplayPort 1.4a.

Key architectural differences include the process node (22 nm vs. 8 nm), the presence of dedicated ray tracing and tensor cores on the RTX 4010, and the memory architecture (shared vs. dedicated). The RTX 4010 also has a much higher transistor count, at 8,700 million versus the P4600’s listed null, indicating a vastly more complex design. The P4600 lacks any RT or tensor core support, making it purely a rasterization-oriented IGP.

Head-to-Head Benchmarks

Direct head-to-head benchmark results are not available in the data; the two GPUs were evaluated with different test suites. The Intel HD Graphics P4600 was tested with Geekbench OpenCL, achieving a score of 3389. The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010 was tested with 3DMark Steel Nomad DX12, achieving a score of 2893. Because these tests measure different workloads (OpenCL compute versus DirectX 12 gaming), a direct numeric comparison would be misleading.

However, the data provides context through nearest rivals. The Intel HD Graphics P4600’s nearest rival is the NVIDIA GeForce GT 740, which scores 3431, putting the P4600 at a -1.2% delta. It also trails the NVIDIA Quadro 2000M by -1.3% (3434) but leads the Intel HD Graphics 530 by 1.7% (3332) and the NVIDIA GeForce GT 730M by 2.2% (3316). This places the P4600 in a narrow performance band around 3300-3400 points in its specific benchmark.

The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010’s nearest rival is the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4060 Ti 16 GB, scoring 2907, with the RTX 4010 at -0.5%. It also trails the NVIDIA RTX PRO 4000 Blackwell SFF by -0.6% (2910), the RTX 4060 Ti 8 GB by -0.7% (2913), and the NVIDIA Quadro P600 by -1% (2923). This shows the RTX 4010 clustering tightly with these GPUs, all within a 1% margin of each other.

Interpreting these numbers, the P4600’s score is characteristic of an older integrated GPU, competitive with entry-level discrete cards from a decade ago. The RTX 4010’s score, while lower in absolute terms, comes from a much more demanding modern test, suggesting it is a far more capable part for contemporary workloads. The percentile rankings (20th for P4600, 18th for RTX 4010) are close, but the test differences mean the RTX 4010’s 18th percentile likely reflects a stronger relative standing in modern GPU performance.

Specification Differences

The following specifications differ between the two GPUs, based solely on the fact pack:

• Process Node: Intel HD Graphics P4600 is 22 nm; NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010 is 8 nm.
• Foundry: Intel for the P4600; Samsung for the RTX 4010.
• Transistors: P4600 is listed as null; RTX 4010 has 8,700 million.
• Die Size: P4600 is null; RTX 4010 is 200 mm².
• Transistor Density: P4600 is null; RTX 4010 is 43.5M / mm².
• Base Clock: P4600 is 350 MHz; RTX 4010 is 1417 MHz.
• Boost Clock: P4600 is 1200 MHz; RTX 4010 is 1762 MHz.
• Memory Speed: P4600 is System Shared; RTX 4010 is 1500 MHz 12 Gbps effective.
• Memory Size: P4600 is System Shared; RTX 4010 is 4 GB.
• Memory Type: P4600 is System Shared; RTX 4010 is GDDR6.
• Memory Bus Width: P4600 is System Shared; RTX 4010 is 64 bit.
• Memory Bandwidth: P4600 is System Dependent; RTX 4010 is 96.00 GB/s.
• Shading Units: P4600 has 160; RTX 4010 has 768.
• TMUs: P4600 has 20; RTX 4010 has 24.
• ROPs: P4600 has 2; RTX 4010 has 16.
• RT Cores: P4600 has null; RTX 4010 has 6.
• Tensor Cores: P4600 has null; RTX 4010 has 24.
• Pixel Rate: P4600 is 2.400 GPixel/s; RTX 4010 is 28.19 GPixel/s.
• Texture Rate: P4600 is 24.00 GTexel/s; RTX 4010 is 42.29 GTexel/s.
• FP32 Performance: P4600 is 384.0 GFLOPS; RTX 4010 is 2.706 TFLOPS.
• FP16 Performance: P4600 is null; RTX 4010 is 2.706 TFLOPS (1:1).
• TDP: P4600 is 84 W; RTX 4010 is 50 W.
• Slot Width: P4600 is IGP; RTX 4010 is Single-slot.
• Bus Interface: P4600 is Ring Bus; RTX 4010 is PCIe 4.0 x8.
• Display Outputs: P4600 is Motherboard Dependent; RTX 4010 is 4x mini-DisplayPort 1.4a.
• DirectX Support: P4600 is 12 (11_1); RTX 4010 is 12 Ultimate (12_2).
• OpenGL Support: P4600 is 4.3; RTX 4010 is 4.6.
• Vulkan Support: P4600 is 1.0; RTX 4010 is 1.4.
• Dimensions: P4600 is null; RTX 4010 is 163 mm 6.4 inches long and 69 mm 2.7 inches high.
• Production Status: P4600 is End-of-life; RTX 4010 is Active.
• Release Date: P4600 is 2013-05-31; RTX 4010 is 2024-04-15.
• Predecessor: P4600 is null; RTX 4010 is GeForce 30.
• Successor: P4600 is null; RTX 4010 is GeForce 50.

The Verdict

The data clearly indicates that the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010 is the superior GPU in almost every measurable specification. It has 4.8 times the shading units, 8 times the ROPs, and 7 times the FP32 compute throughput compared to the Intel HD Graphics P4600. The RTX 4010’s dedicated 4 GB of GDDR6 memory with 96.00 GB/s bandwidth is fundamentally different from the P4600’s system-dependent shared memory, which is a critical advantage for any modern workload. The RTX 4010 also supports newer API versions, including DirectX 12 Ultimate and Vulkan 1.4, which the P4600 cannot.

The P4600’s only advantage is its lower power draw in terms of TDP? No, the RTX 4010 has a lower TDP of 50 W versus 84 W. The P4600 is an IGP, meaning it requires no separate card slot and is integrated into the motherboard, but it is end-of-life and lacks modern features like ray tracing and tensor cores. The RTX 4010, while requiring a PCIe slot, is a single-slot card with no power connectors and a suggested PSU of 250 W, making it easy to install in compact systems.

For users seeking any modern 3D rendering, gaming, or compute performance, the RTX 4010 is the only logical choice. The P4600’s benchmark score, while competitive with older entry-level cards, is from a test that is over a decade old and does not reflect contemporary demands. The RTX 4010’s nearest rivals in its test are all within -1% to -0.5% of its score, indicating it is a well-positioned entry-level modern GPU.

Where Each One Wins

Intel HD Graphics P4600:

• Legacy systems: As an integrated GPU from 2013, it is the only option for motherboards with Haswell-era processors that lack a discrete GPU slot or where adding one is not feasible.
• Basic 2D output: For simple desktop tasks, video playback, and older applications that rely on DirectX 11.1 or OpenGL 4.3, the P4600 provides adequate performance with zero additional hardware cost.
• Very low power idle scenarios: While its TDP is higher at 84 W, it is integrated, so it does not require an extra power delivery circuit in the same way a discrete card might.

NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010:

• Modern gaming: The RTX 4010 supports DirectX 12 Ultimate, enabling features like hardware ray tracing (6 RT cores) and DLSS via tensor cores (24 of them), which the P4600 cannot handle.
• Compute workloads: With 2.706 TFLOPS of FP32 and FP16 performance, the RTX 4010 is suited for general-purpose GPU computing, including machine learning inference and video encoding, where the P4600’s 384.0 GFLOPS would be a bottleneck.
• High-resolution displays: The RTX 4010’s 4x mini-DisplayPort 1.4a outputs and 96.00 GB/s bandwidth support multiple high-resolution monitors, whereas the P4600’s outputs are motherboard-dependent and limited by system memory bandwidth.
• Efficiency-focused builds: The RTX 4010’s 50 W TDP and single-slot design make it ideal for small form factor PCs, with a suggested PSU of only 250 W, compared to the P4600’s 84 W draw that is part of the CPU package.