GPU Comparison

Intel HD Graphics 530 is an integrated graphics processor from Intel, built on the Skylake GT2 chip using a 14 nm+ process. NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010 is a discrete mobile GPU from NVIDIA, based on the GA107 chip with Ampere architecture on an 8 nm process. The benchmark data available presents an unusual comparison, as the two parts were tested under different benchmark suites, making direct numerical comparisons impossible.

Head-to-Head Benchmarks

The FACT PACK provides no overlapping benchmark tests between Intel HD Graphics 530 and NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010. Intel HD Graphics 530 has scores in Geekbench Metal, OpenCL, and Vulkan, while NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010 has a single score in 3DMark Steel Nomad DX12. This means the head-to-head comparison is limited to relative performance against their respective nearest rivals, rather than direct scores.

Intel HD Graphics 530 achieves an average benchmark score of 3332. Its nearest rival, NVIDIA GeForce GT 730M, scores 3316, placing Intel HD Graphics 530 just 0.5% ahead. Against NVIDIA GeForce 920M, with an average score of 3287, Intel HD Graphics 530 is 1.4% faster. The data shows Intel HD Graphics 530 trails Intel HD Graphics P4600, which scores 3389, by 1.7%. NVIDIA GeForce GT 740 scores 3431, putting it 2.9% ahead of Intel HD Graphics 530. These deltas are all within a narrow band, indicating that Intel HD Graphics 530 performs essentially at parity with these older entry-level discrete and integrated parts.

NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010 has an average benchmark score of 2893 from the 3DMark Steel Nomad DX12 test. Its nearest rival, NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4060 Ti 16 GB, scores 2907, meaning the RTX 4010 is 0.5% behind. NVIDIA RTX PRO 4000 Blackwell SFF scores 2910, placing it 0.6% ahead of the RTX 4010. The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4060 Ti 8 GB scores 2913, a 0.7% advantage over the RTX 4010. NVIDIA Quadro P600 scores 2923, putting it 1% ahead. The RTX 4010’s closest competitors are all within a 1% margin, showing that the 3DMark Steel Nomad result places it in a tight performance cluster.

The percentile rankings highlight the different positioning of each part. Intel HD Graphics 530 sits at the 20th percentile among all GPUs, while NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010 sits at the 18th percentile. This indicates that, relative to the entire GPU landscape, the RTX 4010 is slightly lower in the distribution than the Intel HD Graphics 530, despite being a much newer and more feature-rich part. The lack of shared benchmarks means no direct score comparison is possible; the only conclusion from the data is that both parts occupy the lower quartile of overall GPU performance.

The Verdict

The data indicates that NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010 is the more powerful part in raw specifications, with 768 shading units, 24 TMUs, and 16 ROPs, compared to Intel HD Graphics 530’s 192 shading units, 24 TMUs, and 3 ROPs. The RTX 4010 also boasts 6 ray tracing cores and 24 tensor cores, features entirely absent from Intel HD Graphics 530. However, the benchmark scores tell a different story. Intel HD Graphics 530 has an average score of 3332, while the RTX 4010 has an average score of 2893. This is not a direct comparison, as the tests differ, but the numbers suggest that the Intel part performs better in its tested workloads than the RTX 4010 does in its tested workload.

For users strictly looking at the available benchmark data, Intel HD Graphics 530 appears to have a higher average score, but this is misleading due to the different benchmark suites. The RTX 4010 is tested in 3DMark Steel Nomad DX12, which is a demanding modern workload, while the Intel part is tested in Geekbench compute tests, which may be less representative of gaming performance. The RTX 4010’s closest rivals in the Steel Nomad test include the RTX 4060 Ti series, which are far more powerful desktop GPUs, yet the RTX 4010 is only 0.5% to 0.7% behind them in this specific test. This suggests that the RTX 4010 delivers exceptional performance in DX12 workloads relative to its class.

Intel HD Graphics 530 is an end-of-life product from 2015, while the RTX 4010 is an active product from 2024. The RTX 4010 supports DirectX 12 Ultimate (12_2), Vulkan 1.4, and has ray tracing and tensor core hardware. Intel HD Graphics 530 supports DirectX 12 (12_1), Vulkan 1.3, and has no dedicated ray tracing or tensor hardware. For modern gaming and compute applications, the RTX 4010 is the clear choice based on feature support and architectural capabilities. For legacy applications or systems where an IGP is sufficient, Intel HD Graphics 530 may suffice, but the data does not support it being a better performer overall.

Architecture Differences

Intel HD Graphics 530 is built on the Skylake GT2 chip, using Intel’s Generation 9.0 architecture. It is manufactured on a 14 nm+ process at Intel’s own foundry, with a die size of 123 mm². The memory subsystem is entirely system-shared, meaning it uses the host system’s RAM with no dedicated VRAM. Its base clock is 350 MHz, with a boost clock of 950 MHz. The shading units number 192, with 24 texture mapping units and only 3 raster output units. The pixel rate is 2.850 GPixel/s, and the texture rate is 22.80 GTexel/s. FP32 performance is 364.8 GFLOPS, with FP16 performance at 729.6 GFLOPS, operating at a 2:1 ratio. The TDP is just 15 W, and it connects via a Ring Bus interface. It supports DirectX 12 (12_1), OpenGL 4.6, and Vulkan 1.3.

NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010 is based on the GA107 chip, using the Ampere architecture. It is manufactured on an 8 nm process at Samsung, with 8,700 million transistors on a 200 mm² die, giving a transistor density of 43.5 million per mm². The base clock is 1417 MHz, with a boost clock of 1762 MHz. Memory is dedicated: 4 GB of GDDR6 on a 64-bit bus, with a bandwidth of 96.00 GB/s. The memory clock is 1500 MHz, or 12 Gbps effective. It has 768 shading units, 24 TMUs, and 16 ROPs. Critically, it includes 6 ray tracing cores and 24 tensor cores, enabling hardware-accelerated ray tracing and AI workloads. The pixel rate is 28.19 GPixel/s, and the texture rate is 42.29 GTexel/s. FP32 performance is 2.706 TFLOPS, with FP16 at the same 2.706 TFLOPS, operating at a 1:1 ratio. The TDP is 50 W, and it uses a PCIe 4.0 x8 interface. It supports DirectX 12 Ultimate (12_2), OpenGL 4.6, and Vulkan 1.4. The RTX 4010 is a single-slot card measuring 163 mm in length and 69 mm in height, requiring no power connectors and a suggested PSU of 250 W. It has four mini-DisplayPort 1.4a outputs.

The architectural differences are stark. Intel HD Graphics 530 is an IGP with no dedicated memory, a tiny 3 ROP count, and no ray tracing or tensor hardware. The RTX 4010 is a discrete GPU with 4 GB of GDDR6, 16 ROPs, and full support for ray tracing and tensor operations. The transistor counts differ enormously, with the RTX 4010 packing 8,700 million transistors versus the Intel part’s unspecified count. The process node advantage goes to Intel in terms of size (14 nm+ vs 8 nm), but NVIDIA’s architecture is significantly more advanced.

FAQ

Q: Which GPU has a higher average benchmark score?

A: Intel HD Graphics 530 has an average benchmark score of 3332, while NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010 has an average benchmark score of 2893. However, these scores come from different benchmark suites, so the comparison is not direct.

Q: Does the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010 support ray tracing?

A: Yes, the RTX 4010 includes 6 ray tracing cores, enabling hardware-accelerated ray tracing. Intel HD Graphics 530 has no ray tracing cores.

Q: What is the memory configuration of each GPU?

A: Intel HD Graphics 530 uses system-shared memory with no dedicated VRAM, while NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010 has 4 GB of GDDR6 memory on a 64-bit bus with 96.00 GB/s bandwidth.

Q: How does each GPU compare to its nearest rivals?

A: Intel HD Graphics 530 is 0.5% ahead of NVIDIA GeForce GT 730M and 1.4% ahead of NVIDIA GeForce 920M, but 1.7% behind Intel HD Graphics P4600 and 2.9% behind NVIDIA GeForce GT 740. NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010 is 0.5% behind RTX 4060 Ti 16 GB, 0.6% behind RTX PRO 4000 Blackwell SFF, 0.7% behind RTX 4060 Ti 8 GB, and 1% behind Quadro P600.

Q: What are the DirectX support levels?

A: Intel HD Graphics 530 supports DirectX 12 (12_1), while NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010 supports DirectX 12 Ultimate (12_2), which includes advanced features like ray tracing and mesh shaders.

Q: Which GPU is more power-efficient based on TDP?

A: Intel HD Graphics 530 has a TDP of 15 W, while NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010 has a TDP of 50 W. The Intel part consumes less power, but the RTX 4010 offers significantly higher computational throughput.

Where Each One Wins

Intel HD Graphics 530 wins in scenarios where power consumption is the primary constraint. With a 15 W TDP, it is suitable for ultra-low-power systems, such as thin-and-light laptops or fanless designs, where a discrete GPU would be impractical. It also wins in average benchmark score, at 3332 versus 2893, though this is based on different tests. Its nearest rival comparisons show it is competitive with older entry-level discrete GPUs like the GT 730M, being 0.5% faster, and 1.4% faster than the GeForce 920M. For legacy applications that rely on OpenGL 4.6 or Vulkan 1.3, the Intel part is fully functional. It also has a smaller die size at 123 mm², which is irrelevant for end users but indicates lower manufacturing complexity. The 20th percentile ranking, while low, is still higher than the RTX 4010’s 18th percentile, suggesting that in the broader GPU population, the Intel part performs better relative to its peers.

NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010 wins in every meaningful performance metric except average benchmark score. It has 4 GB of dedicated GDDR6 memory, which is vastly superior to system-shared memory for gaming and compute. Its 768 shading units, 16 ROPs, and 6 ray tracing cores provide a massive advantage in raw throughput, with FP32 performance at 2.706 TFLOPS versus 364.8 GFLOPS for Intel. The RTX 4010’s pixel rate is 28.19 GPixel/s, nearly 10 times that of the Intel part. It supports DirectX 12 Ultimate and Vulkan 1.4, making it future-proof for modern games. Its 24 tensor cores enable AI acceleration, which the Intel part completely lacks. The RTX 4010 is also an active product, while Intel HD Graphics 530 is end-of-life, meaning driver support and software optimization will favor the NVIDIA part. In the 3DMark Steel Nomad test, the RTX 4010 performs within 1% of much larger desktop GPUs like the RTX 4060 Ti series, indicating excellent efficiency in DX12 workloads. For any user needing ray tracing, tensor operations, or modern API support, the RTX 4010 is the only viable choice.