AMD Radeon RX 7600 XT vs NVIDIA GeForce GTX 780 Comparison

Head-to-Head Benchmarks

The recorded data shows a decisive victory for the AMD Radeon RX 7600 XT in the two shared benchmark tests. The GeForce GTX 780 does not win a single comparison. In Geekbench OpenCL, the RX 7600 XT scores 92,426 against the GTX 780's 22,863, a margin of 75.3%. This is not a close race; the newer architecture simply overwhelms the older card in compute-heavy workloads. In Geekbench Vulkan, the RX 7600 XT scores 48,366 versus 24,514, a 49.3% lead. The AMD card more than doubles the GTX 780 in OpenCL and nearly doubles it in Vulkan.

Looking at the broader database context, the GTX 780's average benchmark score is 19,164, which places it in the 64th percentile of all GPUs. Its nearest rivals include the NVIDIA TITAN Xp (19,177, a 0.1% difference), the Tesla K20m (19,089, 0.4% ahead), the RTX 4050 Mobile (19,049, 0.6% ahead), and the RX 6600 (19,036, 0.7% ahead). The GTX 780 is essentially a statistical tie with those cards, meaning its performance ceiling is firmly in the mid-range of the database. The RX 7600 XT, by contrast, has an average score of 17,083, which lands in the 60th percentile. Its nearest rivals are the GTX 690 (17,037, a 0.3% difference), the HD 7970M (17,019, 0.4% ahead), the RTX 3070 (17,208, 0.7% behind), and the Tesla M4 (16,932, 0.9% ahead). The RX 7600 XT is also in a tight cluster, but its individual test scores are far higher on the modern API benchmarks.

The discrepancy between the average scores and the head-to-head results is worth noting. The GTX 780's average is higher than the RX 7600 XT's average (19,164 vs 17,083), yet in the two tests they share, the RX 7600 XT wins decisively. This is because the GTX 780's average is pulled up by its Geekbench Vulkan score of 24,514, which is its best recorded result, while the RX 7600 XT's average is dragged down by several lower Passmark scores, such as 65 in DirectX 12 and 85 in DirectX 10. The shared benchmarks are the most direct comparison, and they favor the AMD card overwhelmingly.

Architecture Differences

The two cards come from different eras and design philosophies. The GTX 780 uses the GK110 chip on the Kepler architecture, built on a 28 nm process at TSMC. It packs 7,080 million transistors into a 561 mm² die, yielding a transistor density of 12.6 million per square millimeter. The RX 7600 XT uses the Navi 33 chip on the RDNA 3.0 architecture, also built at TSMC but on a 6 nm process. It contains 13,300 million transistors in a much smaller 204 mm² die, achieving a density of 65.2 million per square millimeter. The density difference is stark: the RX 7600 XT packs over five times more transistors per area.

Memory configurations differ significantly. The GTX 780 has 3 GB of GDDR5 on a 384-bit bus, delivering 288.4 GB/s of bandwidth. The RX 7600 XT has 16 GB of GDDR6 on a 128-bit bus, with 288.0 GB/s of bandwidth. The bandwidth figures are nearly identical, but the capacity is over five times larger on the AMD card. The RX 7600 XT also runs much higher clocks: a base of 1980 MHz and a boost of 2755 MHz, with a game clock of 2470 MHz. The GTX 780's base is 863 MHz with a boost of 902 MHz. Memory clocks are similarly divergent: the GTX 780 runs at 1502 MHz (6 Gbps effective), while the RX 7600 XT runs at 2250 MHz (18 Gbps effective).

Compute resources tell a nuanced story. The GTX 780 has 2304 shading units, 192 TMUs, and 48 ROPs. The RX 7600 XT has 2048 shading units, 128 TMUs, and 64 ROPs. The older card has more shaders and texture units, but the newer card has more ROPs and a much higher pixel rate: 176.3 GPixel/s versus 43.30 GPixel/s. The texture rate also favors the RX 7600 XT at 352.6 GTexel/s versus 173.2 GTexel/s. FP32 performance is 22.57 TFLOPS on the RX 7600 XT against 4.156 TFLOPS on the GTX 780, a 5.4x gap. The RX 7600 XT also supports FP16 at 22.57 TFLOPS (1:1), while the GTX 780 has no FP16 listing. The RX 7600 XT adds 32 ray tracing cores, which the GTX 780 lacks entirely.

API support reflects the generational leap. The GTX 780 supports DirectX 12 (11_0), OpenGL 4.6, and Vulkan 1.2.175. The RX 7600 XT supports DirectX 12 Ultimate (12_2), OpenGL 4.6, and Vulkan 1.4. The AMD card also features newer display outputs: 1x HDMI 2.1a and 3x DisplayPort 2.1, versus the GTX 780's 2x DVI, 1x HDMI 1.4a, and 1x DisplayPort 1.2. Power requirements differ as well: the GTX 780 has a 250 W TDP with a suggested 600 W PSU and dual connectors (1x 6-pin + 1x 8-pin), while the RX 7600 XT has a 190 W TDP with a suggested 450 W PSU and a single 8-pin connector.

Where Each One Wins

The RX 7600 XT wins in every measurable modern compute scenario. Its OpenCL score of 92,426 is 75.3% higher than the GTX 780's, indicating a massive advantage in general-purpose GPU compute tasks such as rendering, physics simulation, and data processing. Its Vulkan score of 48,366 is 49.3% higher, showing superior performance in modern graphics APIs that rely on low-level access. The ray tracing cores and DirectX 12 Ultimate support give it a clear edge in current and future games that use hardware-accelerated ray tracing or mesh shaders. The 16 GB memory capacity allows it to handle larger textures and datasets without spilling to system memory.

The GTX 780 has no benchmark wins in the head-to-head data, but its strengths are contextual. Its average benchmark score of 19,164 is higher than the RX 7600 XT's 17,083, which suggests it performs better in the specific tests that make up its average, such as Geekbench Metal (10,114) and its Vulkan result (24,514), which is its second-best score. The 384-bit memory bus provides high bandwidth for its era, and the 48 ROPs, while fewer than the RX 7600 XT's 64, are paired with a lower pixel rate, so they do not translate into a win. The GTX 780's 2304 shading units and 192 TMUs are numerically higher than the RX 7600 XT's, but the clock speed disadvantage (902 MHz boost versus 2755 MHz boost) negates that advantage in practice.

For users running older DirectX 9 or DirectX 10 workloads, the RX 7600 XT still holds the edge in the database's Passmark tests, scoring 228 in DirectX 9 and 85 in DirectX 10, though those numbers are not directly comparable to the GTX 780 since it lacks those specific test records. The GTX 780's production status is end-of-life, while the RX 7600 XT is active, meaning the AMD card is the one with ongoing driver support and availability. The GTX 780's launch date is 2013-05-22, while the RX 7600 XT launched on 2024-01-23, an eleven-year gap that explains the architectural disparity.

The Verdict

The data is unambiguous: the AMD Radeon RX 7600 XT is the superior card for anyone running modern applications. In the two benchmarks they share, the RX 7600 XT leads by 75.3% in OpenCL and 49.3% in Vulkan. The architecture differences compound this: a 6 nm process versus 28 nm, 16 GB versus 3 GB of memory, 22.57 TFLOPS versus 4.156 TFLOPS FP32, and DirectX 12 Ultimate versus DirectX 12 (11_0). The RX 7600 XT also consumes less power (190 W versus 250 W TDP) and requires a smaller PSU (450 W versus 600 W), making it the more efficient choice.

The GTX 780's only statistical advantage is its higher average benchmark score (19,164 versus 17,083), but that is an artifact of the different test sets. In the direct comparisons, it loses every time. The GTX 780 belongs to the Kepler generation, which predates hardware ray tracing, modern API features, and the high clock speeds that define current GPUs. Its 3 GB memory capacity is a severe limitation for contemporary game textures and compute workloads. The RX 7600 XT's 16 GB capacity and 32 ray tracing cores make it a viable option for current-generation gaming and creative work.

For a user building a new system or upgrading from an old card, the RX 7600 XT is the clear recommendation. It is active in production, supports modern display outputs (HDMI 2.1a and DisplayPort 2.1), and has a higher transistor density (65.2M / mm² versus 12.6M / mm²), indicating a more advanced design. The GTX 780 is end-of-life, with no successor in the data beyond the GeForce 900 series, and its performance is anchored to a 2013-era feature set. The verdict from the database is that the RX 7600 XT wins on performance, efficiency, and future-proofing. The GTX 780 is only relevant as a historical artifact or for legacy systems running software that does not leverage modern APIs.

FAQ

Q: Which card has the higher average benchmark score?

A: The NVIDIA GeForce GTX 780 has an average benchmark score of 19,164, while the AMD Radeon RX 7600 XT has 17,083.

Q: How much faster is the RX 7600 XT in Geekbench OpenCL?

A: The RX 7600 XT scores 92,426 versus the GTX 780's 22,863, a 75.3% difference.

Q: Does the GTX 780 support ray tracing?

A: No, the GTX 780 has no ray tracing cores. The RX 7600 XT has 32 ray tracing cores.

Q: What are the memory capacities of each card?

A: The GTX 780 has 3 GB of GDDR5, while the RX 7600 XT has 16 GB of GDDR6.

Q: Which card has a higher transistor density?

A: The RX 7600 XT has a density of 65.2M / mm², compared to the GTX 780's 12.6M / mm².

Q: What is the TDP difference between the two cards?

A: The GTX 780 has a 250 W TDP, and the RX 7600 XT has a 190 W TDP.

Specification Differences

| Field | NVIDIA GeForce GTX 780 | AMD Radeon RX 7600 XT |

|------|------------------------|------------------------|

| Process Node | 28 nm | 6 nm |

| Transistors | 7,080 million | 13,300 million |

| Die Size | 561 mm² | 204 mm² |

| Transistor Density | 12.6M / mm² | 65.2M / mm² |

| Base Clock | 863 MHz | 1980 MHz |

| Boost Clock | 902 MHz | 2755 MHz |

| Game Clock | null | 2470 MHz |

| Memory Clock | 1502 MHz, 6 Gbps effective | 2250 MHz, 18 Gbps effective |

| Memory Size | 3 GB | 16 GB |

| Memory Type | GDDR5 | GDDR6 |

| Memory Bus Width | 384 bit | 128 bit |

| Memory Bandwidth | 288.4 GB/s | 288.0 GB/s |

| Shading Units | 2304 | 2048 |

| TMUs | 192 | 128 |

| ROPs | 48 | 64 |

| Ray Tracing Cores | null | 32 |

| Pixel Rate | 43.30 GPixel/s | 176.3 GPixel/s |

| Texture Rate | 173.2 GTexel/s | 352.6 GTexel/s |

| FP32 Performance | 4.156 TFLOPS | 22.57 TFLOPS |

| FP16 Performance | null | 22.57 TFLOPS (1:1) |

| TDP | 250 W | 190 W |

| Power Connectors | 1x 6-pin + 1x 8-pin | 1x 8-pin |

| Suggested PSU | 600 W | 450 W |

| Bus Interface | PCIe 3.0 x16 | PCIe 4.0 x8 |

| Display Outputs | 2x DVI, 1x HDMI 1.4a, 1x DisplayPort 1.2 | 1x HDMI 2.1a, 3x DisplayPort 2.1 |

| DirectX Support | 12 (11_0) | 12 Ultimate (12_2) |

| Vulkan Support | 1.2.175 | 1.4 |

| Production Status | End-of-life | Active |

| Release Date | 2013-05-22 | 2024-01-23 |

| Launch MSRP | 649 USD | 329 USD |