AMD Radeon RX 5600M vs NVIDIA Tesla T4 Comparison

FAQ

Q: Which GPU has the higher average benchmark score?

A: The NVIDIA Tesla T4 records an average benchmark score of 66733, placing it in the 90th percentile of all GPUs. The AMD Radeon RX 5600M averages 46601, which puts it in the 85th percentile.

Q: How do the two GPUs compare in OpenCL performance?

A: The Tesla T4 scores 61276 in Geekbench OpenCL, while the RX 5600M scores 59589. The Tesla T4 leads by 2.8%.

Q: What is the largest performance gap between the two in head-to-head testing?

A: In Geekbench Vulkan, the Tesla T4 scores 72190 versus 48843 for the RX 5600M, a 47.8% advantage for the NVIDIA part.

Q: What are the nearest rivals to each GPU based on average score?

A: The Tesla T4's closest rival is the AMD Radeon VII (66004, 1.1% lower), followed by the NVIDIA Tesla P40 (65095, 2.5% lower) and the AMD Radeon Instinct MI25 (68562, 2.7% higher). The RX 5600M's closest rival is the Intel Arc A530M (46614, 0.0% difference), with the AMD Radeon RX 6550M close behind (46702, 0.2% lower).

Q: Which GPU has the higher boost clock?

A: The Tesla T4 boosts to 1590 MHz, while the RX 5600M boosts to 1265 MHz. The Tesla T4's base clock is 585 MHz versus 1035 MHz for the RX 5600M.

Q: What is the transistor density difference between the two chips?

A: The RX 5600M's Navi 10 die achieves 41.0M transistors per mm², while the Tesla T4's TU104 die achieves 25.0M per mm². This reflects the RX 5600M's smaller 7 nm process versus the Tesla T4's 12 nm node.

Architecture Differences

The NVIDIA Tesla T4 and AMD Radeon RX 5600M represent fundamentally different design philosophies. The Tesla T4 uses the Turing architecture on a 12 nm TSMC process, with a large TU104 die measuring 545 mm² and containing 13,600 million transistors. The RX 5600M uses AMD's RDNA 1.0 architecture on a 7 nm TSMC node, with a much smaller Navi 10 die at 251 mm² and 10,300 million transistors.

The compute resource distribution differs sharply. The Tesla T4 packs 2560 shading units, 160 texture mapping units, and 64 ROPs. It also includes 40 RT cores and 320 tensor cores, reflecting its server-grade AI and ray tracing focus. The RX 5600M has 2304 shading units, 144 TMUs, and 64 ROPs, but no RT cores or tensor cores at all.

Clock behavior also diverges. The Tesla T4 runs a 585 MHz base clock that boosts to 1590 MHz, a wide range suggesting power-conscious operation. The RX 5600M starts at 1035 MHz base, with a game clock of 1190 MHz and a boost of 1265 MHz, a tighter spread typical of mobile parts.

Both chips support DirectX 12 Ultimate (the RX 5600M at feature level 12_1), OpenGL 4.6, and Vulkan 1.4. However, the Tesla T4's tensor and RT hardware gives it capabilities the RX 5600M lacks. The Tesla T4 also uses a PCIe 3.0 x16 interface, while the RX 5600M uses PCIe 4.0 x16.

The Tesla T4 is a single-slot card with no display outputs, designed for datacenter deployment. The RX 5600M is an integrated GPU for portable devices, with outputs described as "Portable Device Dependent."

Head-to-Head Benchmarks

The recorded head-to-head data covers two tests, both won by the Tesla T4. In Geekbench OpenCL, the Tesla T4 scores 61276 against 59589 for the RX 5600M, a 2.8% margin. This is a modest difference, suggesting that raw compute throughput in OpenCL workloads is comparable. Both GPUs deliver similar FP32 rates relative to their architectures: the Tesla T4 reaches 8.141 TFLOPS, while the RX 5600M reaches 5.829 TFLOPS, but the OpenCL result shows the gap is smaller than the theoretical peak would suggest.

The Geekbench Vulkan result is far more decisive. The Tesla T4 scores 72190, while the RX 5600M scores 48843. That is a 47.8% advantage for the NVIDIA part. This large delta likely reflects the Turing architecture's stronger driver optimization and hardware feature set for Vulkan workloads, including the dedicated RT and tensor cores that can offload certain operations. The RX 5600M's RDNA 1.0 architecture, while efficient, does not offer equivalent specialized hardware.

The average benchmark scores reinforce this picture. The Tesla T4 averages 66733 across all recorded tests, while the RX 5600M averages 46601. That places the Tesla T4 at the 90th percentile of all GPUs, versus the 85th percentile for the RX 5600M. The nearest rival data shows the Tesla T4 sits in a cluster with the AMD Radeon VII (66004, 1.1% lower) and the NVIDIA Tesla P40 (65095, 2.5% lower), while the RX 5600M matches the Intel Arc A530M almost exactly (46614, 0.0% delta).

In the two head-to-head tests, the Tesla T4 wins both, with a combined win count of 2 versus 0 for the RX 5600M. The Vulkan result is particularly lopsided, indicating that for graphics API workloads favoring modern driver stacks, the Tesla T4 has a substantial edge.

Specification Differences

| Specification | NVIDIA Tesla T4 | AMD Radeon RX 5600M |

|---|---|---|

| Architecture | Turing | RDNA 1.0 |

| Process Node | 12 nm | 7 nm |

| Die Size | 545 mm² | 251 mm² |

| Transistors | 13,600 million | 10,300 million |

| Transistor Density | 25.0M / mm² | 41.0M / mm² |

| Base Clock | 585 MHz | 1035 MHz |

| Boost Clock | 1590 MHz | 1265 MHz |

| Game Clock | None | 1190 MHz |

| Memory Clock | 1250 MHz (10 Gbps effective) | 1500 MHz (12 Gbps effective) |

| Memory Size | 16 GB | 6 GB |

| Memory Bus Width | 256 bit | 192 bit |

| Memory Bandwidth | 320.0 GB/s | 288.0 GB/s |

| Shading Units | 2560 | 2304 |

| TMUs | 160 | 144 |

| ROPs | 64 | 64 |

| RT Cores | 40 | None |

| Tensor Cores | 320 | None |

| Pixel Rate | 101.8 GPixel/s | 80.96 GPixel/s |

| Texture Rate | 254.4 GTexel/s | 182.2 GTexel/s |

| FP32 Performance | 8.141 TFLOPS | 5.829 TFLOPS |

| FP16 Performance | 16.28 TFLOPS (2:1) | 11.66 TFLOPS (2:1) |

| TDP | 70 W | 150 W |

| Slot Width | Single-slot | IGP |

| Bus Interface | PCIe 3.0 x16 | PCIe 4.0 x16 |

| Display Outputs | No outputs | Portable Device Dependent |

| Release Date | 2018-09-12 | 2020-07-06 |

| Predecessor | Tesla Volta | Polaris Mobile |

| Successor | Server Ampere | None |

The Tesla T4 uses a larger, older-process die but packs more compute units and double the memory capacity. The RX 5600M uses a denser, newer process with higher clocks but fewer resources overall. The Tesla T4 draws 70 W, while the RX 5600M draws 150 W, a notable difference given the Tesla T4's higher benchmark scores.

The Verdict

The data shows a clear overall winner: the NVIDIA Tesla T4. It wins both head-to-head benchmark tests, holds a higher average score (66733 versus 46601), and sits in a higher percentile bracket (90th versus 85th). Its 47.8% Vulkan lead is the single largest performance differential recorded, and even in OpenCL, where the RX 5600M comes closest, the Tesla T4 still leads by 2.8%.

The Tesla T4's advantages extend beyond raw scores. It offers 16 GB of GDDR6 memory with a 256-bit bus and 320.0 GB/s bandwidth, versus 6 GB on a 192-bit bus at 288.0 GB/s for the RX 5600M. It also has RT cores and tensor cores, which the RX 5600M lacks entirely. Its FP32 throughput of 8.141 TFLOPS exceeds the RX 5600M's 5.829 TFLOPS, and its pixel and texture rates are higher as well.

The RX 5600M does have merits. Its 7 nm process yields a smaller die (251 mm² versus 545 mm²) and higher transistor density (41.0M per mm² versus 25.0M). It runs at higher base and boost clocks (1035/1265 MHz versus 585/1590 MHz) and uses PCIe 4.0. Its nearest rivals are closely matched, with the Intel Arc A530M scoring identically (delta 0.0%) and the RX 6550M nearly identical (0.2% lower), showing it is a solid mid-range mobile GPU.

However, the benchmark data does not support choosing the RX 5600M for performance. The Tesla T4 is 2.8% faster in OpenCL and 47.8% faster in Vulkan. Its average score is 43.2% higher. The 70 W power draw versus 150 W further favors the Tesla T4 for efficiency. Users needing a datacenter accelerator with no display outputs and maximum compute capability should select the Tesla T4. Users requiring an integrated mobile GPU with PCIe 4.0 and a newer process node would use the RX 5600M, but they should expect lower benchmark scores across the board.