AMD Instinct MI455X vs NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010 Comparison

The Verdict

The recorded data presents a stark contrast between two accelerators with fundamentally different purposes. The AMD Instinct MI455X holds a 50th percentile position across all GPUs in the database, while the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010 sits at the 18th percentile. This percentile gap alone indicates that the MI455X, despite having no benchmark entries in the database, is positioned far above the RTX 4010 in overall capability. The RTX 4010 does have one recorded benchmark result, a 3DMark Steel Nomad DX12 score of 2893, which places it within 1% of several nearby rivals. The MI455X has no recorded benchmark scores, so direct numerical comparison is impossible from the database. However, the architectural specifications reveal why these products target entirely different workloads. The MI455X is a compute accelerator with 32768 shading units, 432 GB of HBM4 memory, and a 2300 W power envelope. The RTX 4010 is a compact graphics card with 768 shading units, 4 GB of GDDR6 memory, and a 50 W power draw. The data suggests the MI455X is designed for massive parallel compute, while the RTX 4010 serves desktop graphics and light workloads. Users requiring maximum throughput for scientific or AI workloads would select the MI455X based on its resource counts. Users needing a small, low-power graphics solution with display outputs would choose the RTX 4010. The RTX 4010 supports DirectX 12 Ultimate, OpenGL 4.6, and Vulkan 1.4, whereas the MI455X reports no graphics API support. This distinction alone separates the two into different market segments.

Architecture Differences

The MI455X uses the MI450 256CU chip built on CDNA 5.0 architecture, fabricated by TSMC on a 2 nm process. The RTX 4010 uses the GA107 chip built on Ampere architecture, fabricated by Samsung on an 8 nm process. The process node difference is substantial, with the MI455X using a 2 nm node versus the RTX 4010's 8 nm node. Transistor counts reflect this disparity: the MI455X contains 320,000 million transistors on a 2990 mm² die, yielding a transistor density of 107.0 million per mm². The RTX 4010 contains 8,700 million transistors on a 200 mm² die, with a density of 43.5 million per mm². The MI455X achieves over twice the transistor density despite the larger die area.

The MI455X belongs to the Instinct (MIx) generation, with a predecessor of Radeon Instinct and a release date of 2026-07-22. The RTX 4010 belongs to the GeForce 40-series, with a predecessor of GeForce 30 and a successor of GeForce 50, released on 2024-04-15. The production status of the RTX 4010 is listed as Active, while the MI455X has no production status recorded.

Memory architectures differ completely. The MI455X uses 432 GB of HBM4 memory on a 24576-bit bus, achieving a bandwidth of 23.3 TB/s. The RTX 4010 uses 4 GB of GDDR6 memory on a 64-bit bus, achieving a bandwidth of 96.00 GB/s. The MI455X memory bandwidth is over 240 times higher than the RTX 4010. Clock speeds also diverge: the MI455X has a base clock of 1000 MHz and boost clock of 2400 MHz, with memory at 1900 MHz (7.6 Gbps effective). The RTX 4010 has a base clock of 1417 MHz and boost clock of 1762 MHz, with memory at 1500 MHz (12 Gbps effective). Despite lower base and boost clocks, the MI455X far exceeds the RTX 4010 in raw throughput due to its massive shader count.

The MI455X reports zero ROPs, zero pixel rate, and no display outputs. The RTX 4010 has 16 ROPs, a pixel rate of 28.19 GPixel/s, and four mini-DisplayPort 1.4a outputs. The MI455X has no graphics API support, while the RTX 4010 supports DirectX 12 Ultimate (12_2), OpenGL 4.6, and Vulkan 1.4. The MI455X uses an EAM Module slot width with no power connectors and a suggested PSU of 2700 W. The RTX 4010 is single-slot, also has no power connectors, and suggests a 250 W PSU. The bus interface differs: PCIe 6.0 x16 for the MI455X versus PCIe 4.0 x8 for the RTX 4010. The MI455X has no dimensions recorded, while the RTX 4010 measures 163 mm in length and 69 mm in height.

Head-to-Head Benchmarks

The database lists no shared benchmark tests between the MI455X and the RTX 4010. The RTX 4010 has a single entry: 3DMark Steel Nomad DX12 with a score of 2893. This score places it in the 18th percentile of all GPUs. The nearest rivals for the RTX 4010 include the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4060 Ti 16 GB with an average score of 2907 (0.5% higher), the NVIDIA RTX PRO 4000 Blackwell SFF with 2910 (0.6% higher), the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4060 Ti 8 GB with 2913 (0.7% higher), and the NVIDIA Quadro P600 with 2923 (1% higher). The RTX 4010 trails its closest competitor by only 0.5%, which indicates it sits at the very edge of its performance tier. The MI455X has no benchmark scores recorded, so its percentile of 50 is derived from hardware specifications rather than measured results. The database shows winsA as 0 and winsB as 0, meaning no head-to-head benchmark victories are recorded for either product.

The absence of overlapping benchmarks makes direct comparison impossible. The MI455X's specification sheet suggests compute-oriented performance, while the RTX 4010's single benchmark confirms graphics workload capability. The RTX 4010's score of 2893 against the Quadro P600's 2923 shows a 1% deficit, a small margin in real-world terms. The RTX 4010 also trails the RTX 4060 Ti 16 GB by 0.5%, which is nearly negligible in practical usage. These narrow deltas indicate that the RTX 4010 performs within a tight cluster of similarly positioned graphics cards. The MI455X, lacking any benchmark data, cannot be placed on the same performance curve. Its 50th percentile ranking suggests it outperforms roughly half of all recorded GPUs, but the absence of measured scores leaves this as an inferred position. The database records no performance data for the MI455X, so any claims about its benchmark superiority rest solely on architectural resources.

FAQ

Q: Which product has more shading units?

A: The AMD Instinct MI455X has 32768 shading units, while the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4010 has 768 shading units. The MI455X provides over 42 times as many shading units.

Q: What memory configurations do the two products use?

A: The MI455X uses 432 GB of HBM4 memory on a 24576-bit bus with 23.3 TB/s bandwidth. The RTX 4010 uses 4 GB of GDDR6 memory on a 64-bit bus with 96.00 GB/s bandwidth.

Q: Does the RTX 4010 support any graphics APIs?

A: Yes, the RTX 4010 supports DirectX 12 Ultimate (12_2), OpenGL 4.6, and Vulkan 1.4. The MI455X reports no graphics API support (N/A for DirectX, OpenGL, and Vulkan).

Q: What is the power requirement difference between the two?

A: The MI455X has a TDP of 2300 W and suggests a 2700 W PSU. The RTX 4010 has a TDP of 50 W and suggests a 250 W PSU. Neither product uses power connectors.

Q: Which product has display outputs?

A: The RTX 4010 has four mini-DisplayPort 1.4a outputs. The MI455X has no display outputs.

Q: What are the release dates for the two products?

A: The MI455X was released on 2026-07-22. The RTX 4010 was released on 2024-04-15.

Where Each One Wins

The MI455X wins decisively in compute resource counts. Its 32768 shading units, 1024 texture mapping units, and 24576-bit memory bus dwarf the RTX 4010's 768 shading units, 24 texture mapping units, and 64-bit bus. The MI455X delivers 157.3 TFLOPS of FP32 and FP16 performance, while the RTX 4010 delivers 2.706 TFLOPS in both formats. The MI455X's texture rate of 2,457.6 GTexel/s compares to the RTX 4010's 42.29 GTexel/s. The MI455X uses a 2 nm process with 320,000 million transistors, whereas the RTX 4010 uses an 8 nm process with 8,700 million transistors. The MI455X connects via PCIe 6.0 x16, while the RTX 4010 uses PCIe 4.0 x8. The MI455X also has a later release date and belongs to a compute-focused product line with no graphics output capability.

The RTX 4010 wins in graphics-specific features and practical deployment. It supports DirectX 12 Ultimate, OpenGL 4.6, and Vulkan 1.4, making it suitable for gaming and graphics applications. It has 16 ROPs and a pixel rate of 28.19 GPixel/s, whereas the MI455X reports zero ROPs and zero pixel rate. The RTX 4010 includes 6 ray tracing cores and 24 tensor cores, features absent from the MI455X's specification sheet. The RTX 4010 has four mini-DisplayPort 1.4a outputs for display connectivity. Its physical size is compact at 163 mm length and 69 mm height, with a single-slot design. The RTX 4010 draws only 50 W and suggests a 250 W PSU, making it deployable in low-power environments. Its production status is Active, ensuring ongoing availability. The RTX 4010 has a measured benchmark score of 2893, providing concrete performance data.

The MI455X's 50th percentile ranking versus the RTX 4010's 18th percentile indicates the former sits higher in the database's overall GPU hierarchy. The MI455X's memory capacity of 432 GB enables workloads that would be impossible on the RTX 4010's 4 GB. The bandwidth difference of 23.3 TB/s versus 96.00 GB/s further separates their application domains. The MI455X's 2300 W TDP signals a data center or server deployment, while the RTX 4010's 50 W TDP suits desktop or small form factor systems. The MI455X's bus interface of PCIe 6.0 x16 provides double the lanes of the RTX 4010's PCIe 4.0 x8 connection.

Specification Differences

The two products differ across nearly every recorded specification field. The MI455X uses the MI450 256CU chip with CDNA 5.0 architecture, while the RTX 4010 uses the GA107 chip with Ampere architecture. Process nodes are 2 nm (TSMC) for the MI455X and 8 nm (Samsung) for the RTX 4010. Transistor counts are 320,000 million versus 8,700 million, with die sizes of 2990 mm² versus 200 mm². Transistor densities are 107.0 million per mm² versus 43.5 million per mm².

Base clocks differ: 1000 MHz for the MI455X and 1417 MHz for the RTX 4010. Boost clocks are 2400 MHz versus 1762 MHz. Memory clocks are 1900 MHz (7.6 Gbps effective) versus 1500 MHz (12 Gbps effective). Memory sizes are 432 GB versus 4 GB, types are HBM4 versus GDDR6, bus widths are 24576 bit versus 64 bit, and bandwidths are 23.3 TB/s versus 96.00 GB/s.

Shading units are 32768 versus 768, TMUs are 1024 versus 24, and ROPs are 0 versus 16. The RTX 4010 has 6 ray tracing cores and 24 tensor cores; the MI455X has neither listed. Pixel rates are 0 MPixel/s versus 28.19 GPixel/s, and texture rates are 2,457.6 GTexel/s versus 42.29 GTexel/s. FP32 performance is 157.3 TFLOPS versus 2.706 TFLOPS, and FP16 performance matches these same figures for both.

TDP values are 2300 W versus 50 W. Slot widths are EAM Module versus single-slot. Neither product uses power connectors. Suggested PSUs are 2700 W versus 250 W. Bus interfaces are PCIe 6.0 x16 versus PCIe 4.0 x8. Display outputs are none versus four mini-DisplayPort 1.4a. The MI455X reports N/A for DirectX, OpenGL, and Vulkan, while the RTX 4010 supports DirectX 12 Ultimate (12_2), OpenGL 4.6, and Vulkan 1.4.

Dimensions are unrecorded for the MI455X, while the RTX 4010 measures 163 mm in length and 69 mm in height. Production status is null for the MI455X and Active for the RTX 4010. Release dates are 2026-07-22 versus 2024-04-15. Predecessors are Radeon Instinct versus GeForce 30, and the RTX 4010 lists GeForce 50 as its successor while the MI455X has none. The RTX 4010 has an average benchmark score of 2893 and a percentile of 18, while the MI455X has an average benchmark score of 0 and a percentile of 50. Neither product has a launch MSRP recorded in the database.