AMD Instinct MI300 vs AMD Radeon RX 7400 OEM Comparison

Where Each One Wins

The recorded data shows two AMD accelerators with entirely different design targets. The Instinct MI300 is a compute-oriented accelerator with no display outputs, while the Radeon RX 7400 OEM is a graphics card with full display connectivity. Their benchmark profiles in the database show no recorded head-to-head comparisons, so the analysis relies on architectural specifications and measured capabilities rather than direct test scores.

The Instinct MI300 wins decisively in raw compute throughput. Its FP32 performance of 47.87 TFLOPS is roughly six times the RX 7400 OEM's 7.885 TFLOPS. Texture rate follows the same pattern: 1,496.0 GTexel/s versus 123.2 GTexel/s, a 12.1x advantage. Memory bandwidth is even more lopsided, with 5.32 TB/s against 172.8 GB/s, a 30.8x gap. These numbers indicate the MI300 is built for data-center workloads where memory bandwidth and floating-point throughput dominate.

The Radeon RX 7400 OEM wins in areas that matter for graphics output. It has 64 ROPs with a pixel rate of 70.40 GPixel/s, while the MI300 reports 0 ROPs and 0 MPixel/s. The RX 7400 OEM also includes 28 ray tracing cores, supports DirectX 12 Ultimate (12_2), OpenGL 4.6, and Vulkan 1.4, and provides 1x HDMI 2.1a and 3x DisplayPort 2.1 outputs. The MI300 lists no APIs and no display outputs, confirming it cannot render to a screen.

Power efficiency is another clear split. The RX 7400 OEM draws 55 W with a suggested PSU of 250 W, while the MI300 draws 600 W with a suggested PSU of 1000 W. The smaller card delivers its 7.885 TFLOPS at roughly one-eleventh the power budget, making it the sensible choice where energy constraints apply.

Architecture Differences

The two chips come from different architectural lineages. The Instinct MI300 uses CDNA 3.0 architecture on a 5 nm TSMC process, while the RX 7400 OEM uses RDNA 3.0 on a 6 nm TSMC process. The chip names reflect this: Aqua Vanjaram for the MI300, Hotpink Bonefish for the RX 7400 OEM. Both are AMD products, but the MI300 belongs to the Instinct (MIx) generation with the predecessor Radeon Instinct, while the RX 7400 OEM sits in the Navi III (RX 7000) generation with predecessor Navi II and successor Navi IV.

Transistor counts reveal the scale difference. The MI300 packs 153,000 million transistors on a 1017 mm² die, giving a transistor density of 150.4M per mm². The RX 7400 OEM has 13,300 million transistors on a 204 mm² die, with a density of 65.2M per mm². The MI300 uses 11.5x more transistors on a 5x larger die, and the density difference shows the more advanced process node.

Memory subsystems are entirely different. The MI300 uses 128 GB of HBM3 across an 8192-bit bus, running at 1300 MHz with 5.2 Gbps effective speed. The RX 7400 OEM uses 8 GB of GDDR6 across a 128-bit bus, running at 1350 MHz with 10.8 Gbps effective speed. The bus width difference of 64x explains the bandwidth gap despite the RX 7400 OEM's higher memory clock.

Shading resources differ substantially. The MI300 has 14,080 shading units and 880 texture mapping units. The RX 7400 OEM has 1,792 shading units and 112 texture mapping units. The MI300 has 7.86x more shading units and 7.86x more TMUs. The RX 7400 OEM compensates with 64 ROPs and 28 ray tracing cores, neither of which the MI300 has.

The cards also differ in physical and electrical specifications. The MI300 is 267 mm long and 111 mm tall, uses 2x 8-pin power connectors, and connects via PCIe 5.0 x16. The RX 7400 OEM is 167 mm long, single-slot, uses 1x 6-pin power connector, and connects via PCIe 4.0 x8. The MI300 has no display outputs; the RX 7400 OEM has four.

Head-to-Head Benchmarks

The database records no direct benchmark comparisons between these two cards, with zero wins recorded for either side. The analysis must therefore rely on the specification-derived performance indicators.

In FP32 compute, the MI300 delivers 47.87 TFLOPS versus 7.885 TFLOPS for the RX 7400 OEM. This is a 6.07x advantage. The FP16 figures are identical to FP32 for both cards, listed as 47.87 TFLOPS (1:1) and 7.885 TFLOPS (1:1), indicating no rate doubling for reduced precision on either chip.

Texture throughput shows the largest compute gap. The MI300's 880 TMUs at 1,700 MHz boost produce 1,496.0 GTexel/s, while the RX 7400 OEM's 112 TMUs at 1,100 MHz boost produce 123.2 GTexel/s. The 12.1x difference tracks the TMU count difference of 7.86x multiplied by the boost clock ratio of 1.55x.

Pixel throughput inverts the comparison. The MI300 lists 0 MPixel/s with 0 ROPs, confirming it renders no pixels. The RX 7400 OEM lists 70.40 GPixel/s from its 64 ROPs. For any workload that requires rasterization, the RX 7400 OEM is the only option.

Memory bandwidth is the most extreme gap. The MI300's HBM3 implementation with an 8192-bit bus reaches 5.32 TB/s, while the RX 7400 OEM's GDDR6 on a 128-bit bus reaches 172.8 GB/s. The 30.8x bandwidth advantage makes the MI300 suitable for large data sets, large language models, or high-performance computing workloads that stream massive amounts of data.

Clock speeds tell an interesting story. The MI300 has a 1000 MHz base and 1700 MHz boost, while the RX 7400 OEM has a 330 MHz base and 1100 MHz boost. The MI300's higher base clock suggests sustained operation under load, whereas the RX 7400 OEM's low base clock with a 3.33x boost ratio indicates aggressive power management for idle efficiency.

The Verdict

The data indicates these are not competing products but complementary ones serving different markets. The Instinct MI300 is a data-center accelerator with massive compute throughput, enormous memory capacity, and no display capability. The Radeon RX 7400 OEM is a compact graphics card with ray tracing, display outputs, and low power consumption.

For compute workloads that fit in GPU memory and require maximum FP32 or FP16 throughput, the MI300 shows overwhelming advantages: 6.07x FP32, 12.1x texture rate, and 30.8x memory bandwidth. Its 128 GB HBM3 pool allows working sets that the RX 7400 OEM's 8 GB cannot approach. The 600 W power draw and 1000 W suggested PSU indicate a server environment.

For graphics rendering, video output, or any task requiring a display, the RX 7400 OEM is the only viable choice. Its 28 ray tracing cores, DirectX 12 Ultimate support, and four display outputs are features the MI300 lacks entirely. The 55 W power draw and 250 W suggested PSU make it suitable for compact systems.

The release dates show the MI300 launched on 2023-01-03, while the RX 7400 OEM launched on 2025-08-07. The MI300 predates the RX 7400 OEM by over two and a half years, and the RX 7400 OEM's successor is listed as Navi IV.

FAQ

Q: Which card has more memory bandwidth?

A: The Instinct MI300 has 5.32 TB/s from HBM3 on an 8192-bit bus, compared to the Radeon RX 7400 OEM's 172.8 GB/s from GDDR6 on a 128-bit bus. That is a 30.8x difference.

Q: Can the Instinct MI300 output video to a display?

A: No. The MI300 lists "No outputs" for display outputs, has 0 ROPs, 0 MPixel/s pixel rate, and no supported APIs. The Radeon RX 7400 OEM provides 1x HDMI 2.1a and 3x DisplayPort 2.1 outputs.

Q: Which card supports ray tracing?

A: Only the Radeon RX 7400 OEM, which includes 28 ray tracing cores. The Instinct MI300 lists no ray tracing cores.

Q: What is the power consumption difference?

A: The Instinct MI300 has a TDP of 600 W with a suggested PSU of 1000 W and 2x 8-pin connectors. The Radeon RX 7400 OEM has a TDP of 55 W with a suggested PSU of 250 W and 1x 6-pin connector.

Q: Which card has more shading units?

A: The Instinct MI300 has 14,080 shading units versus 1,792 on the Radeon RX 7400 OEM, a 7.86x advantage.

Q: What are the process nodes for each chip?

A: The Instinct MI300 uses a 5 nm TSMC process with 153,000 million transistors on a 1017 mm² die. The Radeon RX 7400 OEM uses a 6 nm TSMC process with 13,300 million transistors on a 204 mm² die.

Specification Differences

| Specification | AMD Instinct MI300 | AMD Radeon RX 7400 OEM |

|---|---|---|

| Architecture | CDNA 3.0 | RDNA 3.0 |

| Process Node | 5 nm | 6 nm |

| Transistors | 153,000 million | 13,300 million |

| Die Size | 1017 mm² | 204 mm² |

| Transistor Density | 150.4M / mm² | 65.2M / mm² |

| Base Clock | 1000 MHz | 330 MHz |

| Boost Clock | 1700 MHz | 1100 MHz |

| Memory Size | 128 GB | 8 GB |

| Memory Type | HBM3 | GDDR6 |

| Memory Bus Width | 8192 bit | 128 bit |

| Memory Bandwidth | 5.32 TB/s | 172.8 GB/s |

| Shading Units | 14080 | 1792 |

| TMUs | 880 | 112 |

| ROPs | 0 | 64 |

| Ray Tracing Cores | Not listed | 28 |

| Pixel Rate | 0 MPixel/s | 70.40 GPixel/s |

| Texture Rate | 1,496.0 GTexel/s | 123.2 GTexel/s |

| FP32 Performance | 47.87 TFLOPS | 7.885 TFLOPS |

| FP16 Performance | 47.87 TFLOPS (1:1) | 7.885 TFLOPS (1:1) |

| TDP | 600 W | 55 W |

| Power Connectors | 2x 8-pin | 1x 6-pin |

| Suggested PSU | 1000 W | 250 W |

| Bus Interface | PCIe 5.0 x16 | PCIe 4.0 x8 |

| Display Outputs | No outputs | 1x HDMI 2.1a, 3x DisplayPort 2.1 |

| DirectX Support | N/A | 12 Ultimate (12_2) |

| OpenGL Support | N/A | 4.6 |

| Vulkan Support | N/A | 1.4 |

| Length | 267 mm (10.5 inches) | 167 mm (6.6 inches) |

| Height | 111 mm (4.4 inches) | Not listed |

| Slot Width | Not listed | Single-slot |

| Generation | Instinct (MIx) | Navi III (RX 7000) |

| Predecessor | Radeon Instinct | Navi II |

| Successor | Not listed | Navi IV |

| Release Date | 2023-01-03 | 2025-08-07 |