Overpower

The data for Overpower shows a system pairing an Intel Core i5-12400F with an NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3070. This combination produces a clear performance profile that shifts depending on resolution and settings. The measured frame rates reveal a system that is strongly influenced by the graphics card's capabilities at higher resolutions, while the processor provides a solid foundation at lower settings.

Resolution Scaling

The transition from 1920x1080 to 3840x2160 reveals how the workload shifts between components. At 1080p with Low settings, the combo achieves 174 FPS. Moving to 1440p Low drops this to 155.3 FPS, a reduction of 18.7 FPS. At 4K Low, the average falls to 133.7 FPS. This scaling pattern indicates that even at the lowest settings, the GPU is the primary limiter as resolution climbs, since the CPU has ample headroom with its 6 cores and 12 threads.

The High settings curve tells a similar story but with a steeper decline. At 1080p High, the system produces 103.5 FPS. At 1440p High, this drops to 92.6 FPS, and at 4K High it falls further to 79.2 FPS. The gap between 1080p and 4K at High settings is 24.3 FPS, which is proportionally larger than the Low settings gap of 40.3 FPS. This suggests that as graphical complexity increases, the RTX 3070's workload grows faster than the resolution scaling alone would predict.

Ultra settings show the most dramatic resolution sensitivity. The system manages 84.6 FPS at 1080p Ultra, but this drops to 74.6 FPS at 1440p Ultra, and finally to 65.3 FPS at 4K Ultra. The 4K Ultra result is 19.3 FPS lower than the 1080p Ultra figure, representing a 22.8% reduction. This pattern confirms that the GPU is the limiting component throughout the resolution range, as the CPU's performance characteristics remain constant regardless of resolution.

How This Combo Ranks

Within the database of tested combinations, this specific pairing holds a combo rank of 778 out of 1744 combinations. This places the system in the 44.6th percentile of all tested combos, meaning roughly 55% of tested systems perform better in Overpower. The rank reflects the balance between the mid-range CPU and the upper-mid-range GPU.

The CPU's individual standing provides context for this ranking. The Core i5-12400F sits at the 77th percentile among all CPUs, with an average benchmark score of 19221. Its nearest rival, the Intel Core i7-8700K, scores 19210, a delta of only 0.1%. This places the i5-12400F in a tight cluster with several other processors, all within 1.3% of each other's scores. The AMD EPYC 7773X trails by 1.3%, while the AMD Ryzen 5 7533HS leads by 0.7%.

The GPU position is slightly lower in its own hierarchy. The RTX 3070 ranks at the 72nd percentile among all GPUs, with an average benchmark score of 28238. Its nearest rival, the AMD Radeon RX 6600 XT, scores 27985, a delta of 0.9%. The NVIDIA GeForce GTX 980 Ti comes within 1% of the RTX 3070's score, while the AMD FirePro S7150 and AMD Radeon R9 M295X trail by 0.6% and 1.1%, respectively. The combination of a 77th percentile CPU and 72nd percentile GPU yields a combo rank that reflects the slight bottleneck imposed by the graphics card.

GPU Role

The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3070 is built on the Ampere architecture using an 8 nm process from Samsung. The chip contains 17,400 million transistors on a 392 mm² die, with a transistor density of 44.4 million per square millimeter. The GPU operates at a base clock of 1500 MHz and boosts to 1725 MHz, with memory running at 1750 MHz, translating to 14 Gbps effective.

Memory configuration plays a critical role in the 4K results. The 8 GB of GDDR6 memory on a 256-bit bus provides 448.0 GB/s of bandwidth. At 4K Ultra settings, the system drops to 65.3 FPS, suggesting that both memory capacity and bandwidth are stressed. The 4K High result of 79.2 FPS indicates that reducing settings from Ultra to High provides a 13.9 FPS improvement, which is more substantial than the 5.4 FPS gain from High to Medium at 84.7 FPS.

The GPU's compute capabilities are substantial, with 5888 shading units, 184 texture mapping units, and 96 raster output units. The 46 ray tracing cores and 184 tensor cores support DirectX 12 Ultimate, which is relevant for Overpower's Action genre graphics. The pixel rate of 165.6 GPixel/s and texture rate of 317.4 GTexel/s contribute to the system's ability to maintain playable frame rates even at demanding settings. The FP32 performance of 20.31 TFLOPS provides the raw compute power needed for modern game effects.

Measured FPS Breakdown

At 1920x1080, the system demonstrates its peak performance. Low settings yield 174 FPS, which is the highest measured result across any configuration. Medium settings produce 108.2 FPS, while High settings achieve 103.5 FPS. Ultra settings reduce the average to 84.6 FPS. The difference between Low and Ultra at 1080p is 89.4 FPS, showing that settings have a profound impact on performance at this resolution.

Moving to 2560x1440, the results scale downward consistently. Low settings deliver 155.3 FPS, which remains highly playable. Medium settings produce 97 FPS, and High settings achieve 92.6 FPS. Ultra settings at 1440p yield 74.6 FPS. The gap between Low and Ultra at this resolution is 80.7 FPS, slightly narrower than at 1080p, indicating that the GPU becomes more of a limiting factor.

At 3840x2160, the system's performance compresses further. Low settings still manage 133.7 FPS, but Medium drops to 84.7 FPS. High settings produce 79.2 FPS, and Ultra falls to 65.3 FPS. The range from Low to Ultra at 4K is 68.4 FPS, the smallest spread of any resolution. This compression indicates that the GPU is the dominant constraint, as even the lowest settings cannot overcome the resolution's demands on the 8 GB memory buffer and 448.0 GB/s bandwidth.

FAQ

Q: What is the highest average FPS this combo achieves in Overpower?

A: The highest measured average is 174 FPS at 1920x1080 with Low settings.

Q: How does the combo perform at 4K Ultra settings?

A: At 3840x2160 with Ultra settings, the system produces an average of 65.3 FPS, which is the lowest result across all tested configurations.

Q: What is the combo's rank among all tested systems?

A: The combo ranks 778th out of 1744 tested combinations, placing it in the 44.6th percentile.

Q: How does the CPU compare to its nearest rival?

A: The Intel Core i5-12400F scores 19221 on average, which is 0.1% higher than the Intel Core i7-8700K's score of 19210.

Q: What GPU memory configuration does the RTX 3070 use?

A: The GPU has 8 GB of GDDR6 memory on a 256-bit bus, providing 448.0 GB/s of bandwidth.

Q: How much FPS difference exists between Low and Ultra settings at 1080p?

A: At 1920x1080, Low settings achieve 174 FPS while Ultra settings achieve 84.6 FPS, a difference of 89.4 FPS.

CPU Role

The Intel Core i5-12400F provides the processing foundation for this combo. This Alder Lake-S architecture chip features 6 cores and 12 threads, operating at a base clock of 2.50 GHz and boosting to 4.40 GHz. The 65 W TDP indicates efficient power delivery for a desktop processor. The CPU supports both DDR4 and DDR5 memory through a dual-channel interface, offering flexibility in system configuration.

The processor's cache hierarchy is substantial, with 80 KB of L1 cache per core, 1.25 MB of L2 cache per core, and 18 MB of shared L3 cache. This configuration supports the 3DMark benchmark scores, which show strong scaling from 1699 in the 2-thread test to 5912 in the max-thread test. The single-thread score of 909 demonstrates solid per-core performance, while the 16-thread score of 5895 indicates good multi-threading capability.

In Cinebench tests, the CPU achieves 16518 in R23 multicore and 2332 in single-core. The Geekbench results show 9138 multicore and 2221 single-core scores. Passmark tests reveal specific strengths: integer math scores 59995, floating point math scores 46759, and extended instructions score 15834. The Passmark multithread score of 19433 confirms the CPU's ability to handle parallel workloads.

The CPU's 77th percentile ranking among all processors positions it well for gaming. Its nearest rivals, including the Intel Core i7-8700K at 19210 and Intel Core i5-1335U at 19167, all score within 1.3% of each other. This tight grouping means the i5-12400F's performance is consistent with other well-regarded processors. The 3DMark 8-thread score of 4779 and 4-thread score of 3067 indicate that the CPU can feed the RTX 3070 effectively at lower resolutions, where the measured FPS exceeds 100 at most settings below Ultra.