AMD EPYC 4584PX vs Intel Core i9-14900K Comparison

FAQ

Q: Which processor has the higher average benchmark score?

A: The AMD EPYC 4584PX records an average benchmark score of 83090, placing it in the 96th percentile of all CPUs. The Intel Core i9-14900K averages 79097, which sits in the 95th percentile. The EPYC leads by roughly 5 percent in aggregate.

Q: How do the two compare in Cinebench R23 multi-core performance?

A: The AMD EPYC 4584PX scores 51524 in Cinebench R23 multi-core, which is 30.8 percent ahead of the Intel Core i9-14900K's 39399.5. This is the largest multi-core margin recorded in the head-to-head set.

Q: What about single-core performance in Cinebench?

A: The EPYC 4584PX dominates single-core Cinebench tests. In R15 single-core it scores 733 versus 324.5 for the i9-14900K, a 125.9 percent advantage. In R23 single-core, the EPYC scores 7274 versus 2262.5, a 221.5 percent lead.

Q: Does the Intel chip win any benchmark categories?

A: Yes. The i9-14900K wins 8 of the 17 head-to-head tests, including PassMark data compression (792694 vs 741648), floating point math (152975 vs 121460), integer math (210622 vs 201919), and single-thread performance (4697 vs 3795).

Q: Which processor has more cores?

A: The Intel Core i9-14900K has 24 cores, while the AMD EPYC 4584PX has 16 cores. Both offer 32 threads.

Q: What are the launch MSRP values?

A: The AMD EPYC 4584PX has a launch MSRP of $699. The Intel Core i9-14900K has a launch MSRP of $589.

Architecture Differences

The AMD EPYC 4584PX is built on TSMC's 5 nm process node using Zen 4 architecture with the Raphael codename. It integrates 17,840 million transistors across a dual-die design totaling 2x 71 mm². The Intel Core i9-14900K uses Intel's 10 nm process with Raptor Lake architecture (Raptor Lake-R codename), a monolithic 257 mm² die. The process node difference is significant, as the EPYC's smaller geometry allows for higher transistor density and energy efficiency.

Cache topology diverges sharply. The EPYC 4584PX provides 64 KB of L1 per core and 1 MB of L2 per core, with a massive 128 MB shared L3 cache augmented by a 1x 64MB 3D V-Cache slice. The i9-14900K offers 80 KB L1 per core and 2 MB L2 per core, but only 36 MB of shared L3 with no 3D V-Cache. This gives the EPYC a roughly 3.5x advantage in total L3 capacity, which directly impacts workloads with large working sets.

Both processors support DDR5 memory and dual-channel memory buses, but the i9-14900K also supports DDR4. The EPYC 4584PX has a rated memory bandwidth of 83.2 GB/s, while the i9-14900K does not have a listed bandwidth figure in the database. Both support ECC memory.

PCIe connectivity differs: the EPYC 4584PX provides 28 Gen 5 lanes from the CPU, while the i9-14900K provides 16 Gen 5 lanes. This makes the EPYC more suitable for storage-heavy or multi-GPU configurations. Integrated graphics also differ: the EPYC has Radeon Graphics, while the i9-14900K has UHD Graphics 770.

The sockets are incompatible: the EPYC uses AMD Socket AM5, while the i9-14900K uses Intel Socket 1700. The EPYC's multiplier is locked, whereas the i9-14900K's multiplier is unlocked for overclocking. The EPYC targets the server/workstation market segment, while the i9-14900K is positioned for desktop use.

Where Each One Wins

The AMD EPYC 4584PX wins 9 of the 17 head-to-head benchmark comparisons. Its advantages are most pronounced in single-core Cinebench tests, extended instruction workloads, prime number finding, physics simulation, and random string sorting. The 221.5 percent lead in Cinebench R23 single-core is remarkable for a server-class part and suggests the 5.70 GHz boost clock, combined with the large 3D V-Cache, delivers exceptional per-thread performance. The 90.9 percent advantage in PassMark find prime numbers further reinforces this pattern of strong scalar execution.

The EPYC also shows clear strength in multi-core sustained workloads. Its Cinebench R23 multi-core score of 51524 is 30.8 percent ahead of the i9-14900K, and it leads in R20 multi-core by 4.1 percent. The 128 MB L3 cache plus 64 MB V-Cache slice helps in workloads where data reuse is high, such as database queries, scientific computing, and virtualization. The physics benchmark win by 45.7 percent also points to efficient thread scheduling and cache behavior.

The Intel Core i9-14900K wins 8 benchmarks, with its most decisive victories in single-thread PassMark (4697 vs 3795, a 19.2 percent lead) and floating point math (152975 vs 121460, a 20.6 percent lead). Data compression also favors Intel by 6.4 percent, and integer math shows a 4.1 percent advantage. The i9-14900K's higher boost clock of 6.00 GHz (versus 5.70 GHz) helps in latency-sensitive, branch-heavy workloads. Its 24 cores, including 8 performance cores and 16 efficiency cores, provide strong aggregate throughput in PassMark multithread (58674 vs 58117, a narrow 0.9 percent edge).

The split is clear: the EPYC 4584PX dominates in Cinebench rendering and cache-sensitive tests, while the i9-14900K excels in PassMark's math and compression workloads. For server or workstation tasks like compiling, simulation, and 3D rendering, the EPYC holds the edge. For desktop-focused productivity with heavy floating-point math and data compression, the Intel part is competitive.

Specification Differences

| Specification | AMD EPYC 4584PX | Intel Core i9-14900K |

|---|---|---|

| Cores | 16 | 24 |

| Threads | 32 | 32 |

| Base Clock | 4.20 GHz | 3.20 GHz |

| Boost Clock | 5.70 GHz | 6.00 GHz |

| TDP | 120 W | 125 W |

| Socket | AMD Socket AM5 | Intel Socket 1700 |

| Process Node | 5 nm (TSMC) | 10 nm (Intel) |

| Die Size | 2x 71 mm² | 257 mm² |

| L1 Cache | 64 KB per core | 80 KB per core |

| L2 Cache | 1 MB per core | 2 MB per core |

| L3 Cache | 128 MB shared | 36 MB shared |

| 3D V-Cache | 1x 64MB Slice | None |

| Memory Support | DDR5 only | DDR4, DDR5 |

| Memory Bandwidth | 83.2 GB/s | Not listed |

| PCIe Lanes | 28 Gen 5 | 16 Gen 5 |

| Integrated Graphics | Radeon Graphics | UHD Graphics 770 |

| Multiplier | Locked | Unlocked |

| Release Date | 2024-05-20 | 2023-10-16 |

Head-to-Head Benchmarks

The most striking result in the database is the Cinebench R23 single-core test. The AMD EPYC 4584PX scores 7274 against the Intel Core i9-14900K's 2262.5, a 221.5 percent margin. This is an outlier-level difference, suggesting the EPYC's combination of high boost clock and 3D V-Cache produces exceptional per-core efficiency in this specific rendering workload. The R15 single-core result follows the same pattern, with the EPYC at 733 versus 324.5, a 125.9 percent lead.

In multi-core Cinebench, the EPYC maintains its advantage. Cinebench R23 multi-core shows 51524 for the EPYC versus 39399.5 for Intel, a 30.8 percent delta. Cinebench R20 multi-core narrows to 4.1 percent, with the EPYC scoring 21640 against 20793. The R15 multi-core test, however, favors Intel: 6103 versus 5193, a 14.9 percent lead for the i9-14900K. This inconsistency suggests the EPYC scales better with longer rendering durations, while Intel wins in short bursts.

PassMark tests reveal a more balanced picture. The Intel i9-14900K wins data compression with 792694 versus 741648, a 6.4 percent advantage. Data encryption also goes Intel's way: 46813 versus 45902, a 1.9 percent margin. Floating point math is Intel's strongest PassMark win at 152975 versus 121460, a 20.6 percent lead. Integer math shows Intel ahead by 4.1 percent (210622 vs 201919).

The EPYC counters in PassMark extended instructions with 53774 versus 45154, a 19.1 percent lead. Prime number finding is a blowout: 441 versus 231, a 90.9 percent advantage for AMD. Physics simulation favors the EPYC by 45.7 percent (4574 vs 3140). Random string sorting is close, with the EPYC at 87690 versus 86971, a 0.8 percent edge.

PassMark multithread is nearly identical: Intel at 58674, AMD at 58117, a 0.9 percent difference. PassMark single-thread, however, clearly favors Intel at 4697 versus 3795, a 19.2 percent lead. The aggregate benchmark score reflects the overall parity: the EPYC averages 83090, while the i9-14900K averages 79097, a difference of roughly 5 percent. The EPYC's nearest rival, the AMD EPYC 9135, scores 82980, just 0.1 percent behind. The i9-14900K's closest competitor, the Intel Core i9-14900KF, scores 79371, a 0.3 percent gap. These numbers place both processors in the top percentile of all CPUs, with the EPYC edging ahead in overall average.