AMD Radeon HD 7990
AMD graphics card specifications and benchmark scores
At a Glance
AMDAMD Radeon HD 7990 Specifications
Radeon HD 7990 GPU Core
Shader units and compute resources
The AMD Radeon HD 7990 GPU core specifications define its raw processing power for graphics and compute workloads. Shading units (also called CUDA cores, stream processors, or execution units depending on manufacturer) handle the parallel calculations required for rendering. TMUs (Texture Mapping Units) process texture data, while ROPs (Render Output Units) handle final pixel output. Higher shader counts generally translate to better GPU benchmark performance, especially in demanding games and 3D applications.
HD 7990 Clock Speeds
GPU and memory frequencies
Clock speeds directly impact the Radeon HD 7990's performance in GPU benchmarks and real-world gaming. The base clock represents the minimum guaranteed frequency, while the boost clock indicates peak performance under optimal thermal conditions. Memory clock speed affects texture loading and frame buffer operations. The Radeon HD 7990 by AMD dynamically adjusts frequencies based on workload, temperature, and power limits to maximize performance while maintaining stability.
AMD's Radeon HD 7990 Memory
VRAM capacity and bandwidth
VRAM (Video RAM) is dedicated memory for storing textures, frame buffers, and shader data. The Radeon HD 7990's memory capacity determines how well it handles high-resolution textures and multiple displays. Memory bandwidth, measured in GB/s, affects how quickly data moves between the GPU and VRAM. Higher bandwidth improves performance in memory-intensive scenarios like 4K gaming. The memory bus width and type (GDDR6, GDDR6X, HBM) significantly influence overall GPU benchmark scores.
Radeon HD 7990 by AMD Cache
On-chip cache hierarchy
On-chip cache provides ultra-fast data access for the HD 7990, reducing the need to fetch data from slower VRAM. L1 and L2 caches store frequently accessed data close to the compute units. AMD's Infinity Cache (L3) dramatically increases effective bandwidth, improving GPU benchmark performance without requiring wider memory buses. Larger cache sizes help maintain high frame rates in memory-bound scenarios and reduce power consumption by minimizing VRAM accesses.
HD 7990 Theoretical Performance
Compute and fill rates
Theoretical performance metrics provide a baseline for comparing the AMD Radeon HD 7990 against other graphics cards. FP32 (single-precision) performance, measured in TFLOPS, indicates compute capability for gaming and general GPU workloads. FP64 (double-precision) matters for scientific computing. Pixel and texture fill rates determine how quickly the GPU can render complex scenes. While real-world GPU benchmark results depend on many factors, these specifications help predict relative performance levels.
GCN 1.0 Architecture & Process
Manufacturing and design details
The AMD Radeon HD 7990 is built on AMD's GCN 1.0 architecture, which defines how the GPU processes graphics and compute workloads. The manufacturing process node affects power efficiency, thermal characteristics, and maximum clock speeds. Smaller process nodes pack more transistors into the same die area, enabling higher performance per watt. Understanding the architecture helps predict how the HD 7990 will perform in GPU benchmarks compared to previous generations.
AMD's Radeon HD 7990 Power & Thermal
TDP and power requirements
Power specifications for the AMD Radeon HD 7990 determine PSU requirements and thermal management needs. TDP (Thermal Design Power) indicates the heat output under typical loads, guiding cooler selection. Power connector requirements ensure adequate power delivery for stable operation during demanding GPU benchmarks. The suggested PSU wattage accounts for the entire system, not just the graphics card. Efficient power delivery enables the Radeon HD 7990 to maintain boost clocks without throttling.
Radeon HD 7990 by AMD Physical & Connectivity
Dimensions and outputs
Physical dimensions of the AMD Radeon HD 7990 are critical for case compatibility. Card length, height, and slot width determine whether it fits in your chassis. The PCIe interface version affects bandwidth for communication with the CPU. Display outputs define monitor connectivity options, with modern cards supporting multiple high-resolution displays simultaneously. Verify these specifications against your case and motherboard before purchasing to ensure a proper fit.
AMD API Support
Graphics and compute APIs
API support determines which games and applications can fully utilize the AMD Radeon HD 7990. DirectX 12 Ultimate enables advanced features like ray tracing and variable rate shading. Vulkan provides cross-platform graphics capabilities with low-level hardware access. OpenGL remains important for professional applications and older games. CUDA (NVIDIA) and OpenCL enable GPU compute for video editing, 3D rendering, and scientific applications. Higher API versions unlock newer graphical features in GPU benchmarks and games.
Radeon HD 7990 Product Information
Release and pricing details
The AMD Radeon HD 7990 is manufactured by AMD as part of their graphics card lineup. Release date and launch pricing provide context for comparing GPU benchmark results with competing products from the same era. Understanding the product lifecycle helps evaluate whether the Radeon HD 7990 by AMD represents good value at current market prices. Predecessor and successor information aids in tracking generational improvements and planning future upgrades.
Radeon HD 7990 Benchmark Scores
No benchmark data available for this GPU.
About AMD Radeon HD 7990
The AMD Radeon HD 7990, built on the Malta chip and the GCN 1.0 architecture, is a 28 nm part fabricated by TSMC with 4,313 million transistors on a 365 mm² die. It operates at a base clock of 950 MHz and a boost clock of 1000 MHz, delivering 4.096 TFLOPS of FP32 compute, and its launch MSRP is 999 USD. The card holds the 50th percentile among all GPUs in the database, yet its benchmark array is empty and the average benchmark score is 0, making its raw specifications the only quantitative basis for analysis.
Memory Subsystem
The memory subsystem is built around 3 GB of GDDR5 on a 384-bit bus, providing a bandwidth of 288.0 GB/s. The memory clock is listed at 1500 MHz, with an effective data rate of 6 Gbps. For high resolutions, the 288.0 GB/s figure is a critical bottleneck indicator; a 384-bit bus offers a wide path for data transfer, but the 3 GB capacity may limit texture-heavy workloads at extreme settings. The effective 6 Gbps memory speed is moderate by modern standards, yet the wide bus compensates by sustaining high throughput. When considering high-resolution gaming, the 3 GB frame buffer is the more pressing constraint, as it can be exhausted by large textures and high-detail geometry. The pixel rate of 32.00 GPixel/s and texture rate of 128.0 GTexel/s further define the card's ability to fill frames, but the memory bandwidth remains the primary gate for resolution scaling.
How It Compares
The dataset provides no nearestRivals entries for this card, meaning a direct rival-by-rival comparison cannot be constructed from the supplied facts. The percentileVsAllGpus field places the HD 7990 at exactly the 50th percentile, indicating a median standing within the entire GPU database. Without rival names, scores, or deltaPct values, the analysis must rely on the card's absolute specifications and its percentile ranking. The empty nearestRivals list implies that the card's position is defined solely by its raw throughput metrics, not by any comparative benchmark deltas. Consequently, the HD 7990's performance context is limited to its own compute capabilities and its mid-database percentile.
Benchmark Performance
The benchmark array is empty, and the average benchmark score is 0, so no synthetic or game-specific scores are recorded for this card. The data shows no percentage deltas against any rival because no rival data exists. However, the compute throughput is explicitly defined: 4.096 TFLOPS of FP32 performance, 128.0 GTexel/s of texture fill, and 32.00 GPixel/s of pixel fill. The 50th percentile indicates that half of all GPUs in the database perform better and half perform worse, but without specific scores, exact percentage differences cannot be derived. The FP32 figure of 4.096 TFLOPS is the primary quantitative measure of raw shader performance, and the 2048 shading units paired with 128 TMUs and 32 ROPs provide a balanced pipeline. The transistor density of 11.8M per mm² reflects the 28 nm process efficiency, yet the lack of recorded benchmarks means the card's real-world performance is unverified within this dataset.
FAQ
Q: What is the memory configuration of the AMD Radeon HD 7990?
A: It features 3 GB of GDDR5 memory on a 384-bit bus, providing 288.0 GB/s of bandwidth with an effective data rate of 6 Gbps.
Q: What is the thermal design power (TDP) of the HD 7990?
A: The TDP is 375 W, and the suggested power supply is 750 W.
Q: Does the HD 7990 support DirectX 12?
A: Yes, it supports DirectX 12 (11_1) according to the API list, along with OpenGL 4.6 and Vulkan 1.2.175.
Q: What is the transistor count of the Malta chip?
A: The Malta chip contains 4,313 million transistors on a 365 mm² die, with a transistor density of 11.8M per mm².
Q: What are the physical dimensions of the HD 7990?
A: The card measures 304 mm in length, 106 mm in height, and 38 mm in width, and it is a dual-slot design.
Q: What is the pixel fill rate of the HD 7990?
A: The pixel rate is 32.00 GPixel/s, while the texture rate is 128.0 GTexel/s.
Ray Tracing and Feature Set
The FACT PACK lists rtCores and tensorCores as null, indicating no dedicated ray tracing or tensor core hardware. The architecture is GCN 1.0, which predates hardware-accelerated ray tracing, so any ray tracing workloads would rely on compute shaders running through the 2048 shading units. The API support includes DirectX 12 (11_1), OpenGL 4.6, and Vulkan 1.2.175; the DirectX 12 (11_1) feature level is notable, as it permits the card to run DirectX 12 titles at a limited feature level. The absence of RT cores means the 4.096 TFLOPS FP32 throughput would be the only resource for such effects, likely yielding poor efficiency. The display outputs include 1x DVI and 4x mini-DisplayPort 1.2, and the bus interface is PCIe 3.0 x16.
Who Should Consider It
Given the 3 GB VRAM capacity and 288.0 GB/s bandwidth, the HD 7990 is suited for gaming at high resolutions, though the 3 GB frame buffer may be a limiting factor for ultra-high texture settings. The 50th percentile ranking suggests a mid-range performer in the current database, so users targeting maximum detail at high resolutions may find the memory capacity restrictive. The 32 ROPs and 128 TMUs provide fill rates of 32.00 GPixel/s and 128.0 GTexel/s respectively, which are adequate for moderate settings. The 4.096 TFLOPS FP32 compute is the card's strongest asset, making it viable for compute-heavy workloads. However, the lack of benchmark scores means users must rely on raw specifications rather than validated performance data.
Power and Cooling
The TDP is 375 W, which is substantial, and the suggested power supply is 750 W. The card requires 2x 8-pin power connectors, and it is a dual-slot design with dimensions of 304 mm in length, 106 mm in height, and 38 mm in width. The 375 W TDP indicates a high power draw, necessitating robust cooling within the dual-slot form factor. The 2x 8-pin connectors are standard for high-end cards, and the 750 W PSU recommendation accounts for the card's peak draw. The physical dimensions are considerable, so case clearance is a factor. The production status is end-of-life, with a release date of 2013-04-23, and it succeeds the Northern Islands generation while being succeeded by Sea Islands.
The NVIDIA Equivalent of Radeon HD 7990
Looking for a similar graphics card from NVIDIA? The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080 offers comparable performance and features in the NVIDIA lineup.
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